Breakdown of ما امیدوار هستیم که رفتار بد این زندانی مجازات سنگینی نداشته باشد.
ما
we
این
this
سنگینsangin
heavy
داشتنdâshtan
to have
کهke
that (conjunction)
امیدوار بودنomidvâr budan
to hope
بدbad
bad
زندانیzendâni
prisoner
رفتارraftâr
behavior
مجازاتmojâzât
punishment
امیدوارomidvâr
hopeful
Questions & Answers about ما امیدوار هستیم که رفتار بد این زندانی مجازات سنگینی نداشته باشد.
Why is the verb at the end nadâshte bâshad instead of a normal present tense?
Just like the expressions for permission you are learning (ejâze dâshtan), hoping for something also triggers the subjunctive mood. After omidvâr hastim ke (we hope that), the following verb must be in the subjunctive because it expresses a wish or possibility, not a certain fact.
How is the negative subjunctive nadâshte bâshad formed? I thought the subjunctive usually starts with be-.
The verb dâshtan (to have) is an exception and doesn't take the be- prefix. Instead, its subjunctive is formed using the past participle dâshte plus the subjunctive forms of "to be" (bâsham, bâshi, bâshad, etc.). To make it negative, the na- prefix is added to the first part, making nadâshte bâshad (that it does not have).
How do we connect all the words in raftâr-e bad-e in zendâni (the bad behavior of this prisoner)?
Farsi uses the ezâfe vowel (an unwritten "e" sound) to chain these words together. The first one links the noun to its adjective (raftâr-e bad for "bad behavior"), and the second one links that whole phrase to the possessor (bad-e in zendâni for "of this prisoner").
Why is there an -i at the end of sangini in the phrase mojâzât-e sangini?
The word mojâzât means "punishment" and sangin means "heavy". When you have a noun followed by an adjective and want to say "a" or "an", the indefinite -i suffix attaches to the very end of the phrase. So instead of putting it on the noun, it goes on the adjective: mojâzât-e sangini means "a heavy punishment".
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