Breakdown of قاضی تصمیم گرفت که این مجازات آنها را بترساند.
آنها
they
این
this
راrâ
definite direct object marker
ترساندنtarsândan
to scare
کهke
that (conjunction)
تصمیم گرفتنtasmim-e gereftan
to decide
قاضیqâzi
judge
مجازاتmojâzât
punishment
تصمیمtasmim
decision
Questions & Answers about قاضی تصمیم گرفت که این مجازات آنها را بترساند.
Why is the second verb betarsânad in the present subjunctive form when the judge's decision happened in the past?
Just like with the expressions of permission you are learning (ejâze dâdan), verbs expressing decisions, wishes, or commands trigger the present subjunctive for the action that follows. Even though the judge decided (tasmim gereft) in the past, the frightening was an intended action, not a completed fact. In Farsi, this intention is expressed with ke (that) plus the present subjunctive.
The verb betarsânad looks like the verb for to be afraid. How are they different?
You might recognize the root from tarsidan (to be afraid). Betarsânad comes from a related verb, tarsândan (to frighten or make someone afraid). The -ân- part inside the verb often changes it from a feeling you have to an action you do to someone else. Here, it is the punishment doing the frightening.
How is the verb for decided (tasmim gereft) built in Farsi?
It is a compound verb made of the noun tasmim (decision) and the simple past tense of gereftan (to take or get). So, instead of making a decision like in English, Farsi speakers literally take a decision.
Why is râ (را) placed right after ânhâ (them) in this sentence?
Râ (را) is the specific direct object marker, which you have seen in earlier lessons. It points out exactly who or what is receiving the action of the verb. Because them (ânhâ) is a specific, known group of people receiving the action of being frightened, it requires râ immediately after it.
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