Questions & Answers about سگ قلاده را گاز گرفت و لیسیدش.
What does گاز گرفت literally mean, and how does this type of verb work?
The verb for 'to bite' is گاز گرفتن (gâz gereftan), which is a compound verb literally meaning 'to take a bite'. When conjugating compound verbs, only the second part (the verbal part, گرفتن) changes. Here, it is conjugated in the simple past as گرفت (gereft) to match the third-person singular subject, the dog.
What is the ش at the end of لیسیدش (lisidesh)?
That is the attached pronoun suffix ش- (-esh), meaning 'it' (referring to the collar). Instead of using a separate word for 'it' as the direct object, conversational and casual written Farsi often attaches this pronoun directly to the end of the verb. The base verb here is لیسید (lisid), meaning 'licked'.
Why is there a را (râ) after قلاده (ghalâde) but not for the 'it' in لیسیدش?
The word را (râ) marks a specific direct object, so it follows قلاده (the collar) to show exactly what was bitten. However, when you use a pronoun suffix like ش- (-esh) on a verb to represent the object, the direct object status is already built into the suffix itself. You never need to add را for these attached object pronouns.