Breakdown of دانشمندان هنوز چرخهی خواب را بررسی نکردهاند.
راrâ
definite direct object marker
هنوزhanuz
yet / still
بررسی کردنbarresi kardan
to check / to inspect
دانشمندdâneshmand
Questions & Answers about دانشمندان هنوز چرخهی خواب را بررسی نکردهاند.
How does هنوز (hanuz) translate to "yet" in this sentence when I have seen it mean "still"?
The meaning of هنوز depends on the verb! When used with an affirmative verb, it means "still". But here, because the compound verb بررسی نکردهاند (have not examined) is negative, هنوز translates to "not yet" or just "yet".
Why is the verb بررسی نکردهاند (barresi nakardeh-and) in the present perfect tense?
Just like in English, we use the present perfect to talk about something that has not happened up to the present moment. When you use هنوز to mean "yet", it naturally pairs with a negative present perfect verb. It is formed with the negative past participle بررسی نکرده plus the personal ending اند.
Why is there an extra ی in چرخهی خواب (charkhe-ye khab)?
This is the Ezāfe (the vowel connector that links words, like "cycle of sleep"). Because the word چرخه (charkheh) ends in a silent "h" (ه), you cannot just add an invisible "e" sound. You must write a visible ی (ye) to smoothly bridge the two words.
Plurals usually end in ها (ha). Why does scientists end in ان (an) here?
دانشمندان (daneshmandan) uses the plural suffix ان, which is specifically used for living things like people and animals. You can use ها and say دانشمندها, but using ان is very common for professions and sounds slightly more formal.