Questions & Answers about Han kommer ikke, for han har ikke tid.
Why is for used here instead of fordi, since they both mean "because"?
Both words mean "because", but they affect sentence structure differently. For is a coordinating conjunction (like "and" or "but"), meaning it links two independent main sentences together. Fordi is a subordinating conjunction, which introduces a dependent clause. In everyday Danish, for is very common when giving a simple reason.
Why does ikke come after the verb (har) here? Doesn't it normally go before the verb in a "because" clause?
That is the big difference between for and fordi! Because for starts a new main clause, it follows standard word order where ikke comes after the first verb (han har ikke). If the sentence used fordi, it would be a subordinate clause, forcing ikke to jump in front of the verb: fordi han ikke har tid.
Does kommer ikke mean "doesn't come" or "is not coming"?
It means both! Danish does not have a present continuous tense (like the English "-ing" form). So han kommer ikke translates to both "he does not come" and "he is not coming". You just rely on the context to know which one makes sense in English.