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### Quantifiers and the Idafa Construction

In Arabic, quantifiers like كل (all/every) and بعض (some) behave as nouns. They connect to the following word using an **Idafa** (possession or "of") construction, where the quantifier forms the first part of the phrase.

### Using كل to mean "Every"

When كل is followed by an **indefinite singular** noun, it means "every" or "each".

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### Using كل to mean "All"

When followed by a **definite plural** or collective noun (starting with الـ), كل means "all" or "all of".

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### Expressing "Some" with بعض

The word بعض means "some" or "a few". Like كل, it is typically followed by a **definite plural** or collective noun to mean "some of the...".

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Quantifiers (كل / بعض)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

interrogative

noun

numeral

particle

prefix

preposition

pronoun

sentence

verb

The definite article and locatives (الـ)

Basic noun gender (ة)

Sun and moon letters

Singular subject pronouns (أنا، أنت، هو، هي)

Indefinite nouns and nominal sentences (ـٌ)

Demonstrative pronouns for 'this' (هذا / هذه)

Separate prepositions (في، من، إلى، على)

Attributive adjectives

Predicative adjectives

Yes/No questions (هل، أ)

Basic questions (من، ما، أين)

Singular possessive pronouns (ـي، ـك، ـه، ـها)

Plural subject pronouns (نحن، أنتم، هم)

Plural possessive pronouns (ـنا، ـكم، ـهم)

Noun possession

Attached prepositions (بـ، لـ، كـ)

Pronouns with prepositions

Having and possessing (عند، لـ، مع)

Regular plural nouns (ـون، ـين، ـات)

Broken plurals

Dual nouns (ـان / ـين)

Plural and distant demonstratives (هؤلاء، ذلك، تلك)

Non-human plural agreement

Present tense singular verbs

Verbal sentences (VSO)

Present tense plural verbs

Topicalized sentences (SVO)

The indefinite accusative case (ـاً)

Verb object pronouns (-ني، -ك، -ه)

Present tense negation (لا)

Question words with verbs (متى، كيف...)

Adverbs of time and place

The future tense (سـ / سوف)

Intentions and desires (أن)

Negating states and possession (ليس)

Past tense singular suffixes

Past tense plural suffixes

Negating past events (ما)

Singular commands

Numbers 1 to 10

Number agreement for 1 and 2 (واحد، اثنان)

Asking how many (كم)

Numbers 3 to 10 (ثلاثة إلى عشرة)

Ordinal numbers 1 to 10 (الأول، الثاني)

Basic conjunctions (فـ، أو، لكن)

Ordering at a café (واحد، اثنان)

Food and drink with conjunctions (و، ف، أو، لكن)

There is and there are (هناك / ليس هناك)

Direct address (يا)

Giving reasons (لأنّ)

Relative pronouns (الذي / التي)

The past tense of 'to be' (كان)

Past possession

Numbers 11 to 19 and tens to 80

Telling time (الساعة)

This book vs this is a book (هذا الكتاب، هذا كتاب)

Greetings (مرحبا، السلام عليكم)

How are you? and goodbye (كيف حالك، مع السلامة)

Nationalities (مصري، مصرية)

Roots and patterns (كتب، كتاب، مكتب)

Politeness (من فضلك، آسف)

Complex possession chains

Colors and traits (أفعل / فعلاء)

Plural colors and traits (فُعْل)

Comparative adjectives (أفعل من)

Superlative adjectives (أفعل)

Adverbs of manner (ـاً)

The nominative case (ـُ)

The genitive case (ـِ)

The accusative case (ـَ)

Dual noun cases (ـان / ـين)

Masculine plurals and 'the best of' (أفضل النجارين)

Emphasizing sentences (إنّ)

Connecting clauses (أنّ)

Reporting speech (قال إنّ)

Expressing contrast (لكنّ)

Comparison and probability (كأنّ, لعلّ)

Distant plural pointing (أولئك)

Plural relative pronouns (الذين, اللواتي)

Past habits (كان + present)

Ongoing actions (ما زال)

Masculine plurals online (مبرمجون، مؤثرون)

Perfective past (قد)

Probability (قد)

The subjunctive mood (أن)

Expressing purpose (لـ)

Question	Answer
all / every	كلkull
application / app	تطبيقtatbîq
modern / recent	حديثhadîth
Every modern application is fast.	كل تطبيق حديث سريع.kullu taṭbîqin ḥadîthin sarî'un.
screen	شاشةshâsha
Every modern device has a screen.	لكل جهاز حديث شاشة.likulli jihâzin hadîthin shâshah
some	بعضba'd
user	مستخدمmustakhdim
Some users looked at the screen.	بعض المستخدمين نظروا إلى الشاشة.ba'du al-mustakhdimîna nazarû ilâ ash-shâshah
young man / youth	شابshâbbun
to download / to carry / to load	حملhamala
All the youth downloaded the application.	كل الشباب حملوا التطبيق.kullu ash-shabâbi hammalū at-tatbîqa
information	معلومةma'lûma
update	تحديثtahdîth
Some information in the update is old.	بعض المعلومات في التحديث قديمة.ba'du al-ma'lumâti fi at-tahdîthi qadîmah
Some users downloaded the new update.	بعض المستخدمين حملوا التحديث الجديد.ba'du almustakhdimîna hammalu attahdîtha aljadîda.
All the information is on the screen.	كل المعلومات على الشاشة.kullu al-ma'lûmâti 'alâ ash-shâshah
The new update is not for every device.	التحديث الجديد ليس لكل جهاز.at-tahdîthu al-jadîdu laysa likulli jihâz
Every young man read the information.	قرأ كل شاب المعلومات.qara'a kullu shâbbin al-malûmâti
Some devices do not have an internet connection.	بعض الأجهزة ليس لها اتصال بالإنترنت.ba'du al-ajhizati laysa lahâ ittisâlun bil-internet.
We found the update on some screens.	وجدنا التحديث على بعض الشاشات.wajadnâ at-tahdîtha 'alâ ba'di ash-shâshâti.
The students downloaded all the applications.	الطلاب حملوا كل التطبيقات.at-tullâbu hammalû kulla t-tatbîqât
Some young men used the modern device.	بعض الشباب استخدموا الجهاز الحديث.ba'du shshabâbi stakhdamu ljihâza lhadîth
other, another	آخرâkhar
I want another book.	أريد كتابا آخر.urîdu kitâban âkhara
I want another room.	أريد غرفة أخرى.urîdu ghurfatan ukhrâ
A lot of people love coffee.	كثير من الناس يحبون القهوة.kathîrun mina n-nâsi yuhibbûna l-qahwata
Do you have another question?	هل عندك سؤال آخر؟hal 'indaka su'âlun âkhar
Some of the students are here, and the other students are at the stadium.	بعض الطلاب هنا، والطلاب الآخرون في الملعب.ba'du at-tullâbi hunâ, wa-t-tullâbu al-âkharûna fi al-mal'abi
most (of)	معظمmu'dham
Most of the students are here.	معظم الطلاب هنا.mu'zhamu at-tullâbi hunâ.
Most people love the summer.	معظم الناس يحبون الصيف.mu'ẓamu n-nâsi yuhibbûna s-sayf.
several	عدة'idda
I have several questions.	عندي عدة أسئلة.indi iddatu as'ilah
The students visited several places.	زار الطلاب عدة أماكن.zâra aṭ-ṭullâbu 'iddata amâkina.

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