Breakdown of Hem fiziksel adanmışlık hem de ruhsal aydınlanma gereklidir.
gerekli
necessary
de
too, also (de/da) / even if (concessive particle after conditional) / and (linking clauses)
hem
both / and (used in pairs as both... and...)
fiziksel
physical
Questions & Answers about Hem fiziksel adanmışlık hem de ruhsal aydınlanma gereklidir.
The current lesson is about the postposition uğruna (for the sake of). Why isn't it used here to express dedication?
The word adanmışlık is an abstract noun meaning "dedication" or "devotion" as a general concept. The postposition uğruna, however, means "for the sake of" or "in dedication to" a specific object or cause (like "vatan uğruna" - for the sake of the homeland). Since there is no specific object being sacrificed for in this sentence, adanmışlık is the correct word to use.
How is the noun adanmışlık built from its root?
It is built in several logical stages: adamak (to devote) becomes the passive/reflexive adanmak (to be devoted). The participle -mış makes it the adjective adanmış (devoted), and finally, the -lık suffix turns it into the abstract noun adanmışlık (devotion/dedication).
Is there a difference between using hem ... hem versus hem ... hem de?
The fundamental meaning "both ... and" is exactly the same. Adding de to the second part is a very common stylistic choice in Turkish that adds a slight emphasis to the second item and creates a more natural, flowing rhythm in the sentence.
What role does the -ma suffix play in the word aydınlanma?