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We have an entire course teaching Spanish (Spain) grammar and vocabulary.
Questions & Answers about Escribe al profesor.
Why is the word escribe used instead of escribes?
The word escribe is a command telling someone to do something. To form the informal tú command for regular -ir verbs like escribir, you use the same ending as the él/ella present tense form. If you said escribes, it would just be a regular statement meaning you write rather than a direct command to write.
How would I give this command to a group of people?
You would say Escribid al profesor. To give a command to a group using the informal vosotros form, you simply take the infinitive of the verb (escribir) and replace the final -r with a -d to get escribid. This rule works for all regular verbs.
Why does the sentence use al instead of a el or just el?
You need the preposition a here because you are writing to someone. In Spanish, whenever the preposition a is followed directly by the masculine word for the (el), they must combine to form the contraction al. You can never write a el as two separate words.