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Hoy estoy cansado porque trabajo mucho.

Hoy estoy cansado porque trabajo mucho.
Today I am tired because I work a lot.
From Lesson 13:The verb estar (estoy, estás)·Spanish (Spain)

Questions & Answers about Hoy estoy cansado porque trabajo mucho.

Why do we use estoy here instead of soy for 'I am'?
We use estoy (from the verb estar) for temporary states, conditions, and feelings. Since being tired (cansado) is how you feel right now, and not a permanent characteristic, we use estar rather than ser.
Would a female speaker say this sentence exactly the same way?
Almost, but not quite! Adjectives that describe feelings must match the gender of the person they describe. A female speaker would change the ending and say Hoy estoy cansada.
Why are there no words for 'I' before 'am' or 'work'?
In Spanish, you usually drop the subject pronoun (like yo for 'I') because the verb itself tells you who is doing the action. The specific forms estoy (I am) and trabajo (I work) only ever go with 'I'.
I've seen 'why' translated as por qué. Why is it written as one word without an accent here?
When written as two words with an accent (por qué), it means 'why'. When written as one single word without an accent (porque), it means 'because', which is exactly how it is used in this sentence to explain the reason for being tired.
If a female is speaking, does mucho change to mucha?
No, it stays as mucho. In this sentence, mucho describes how much you work (the verb trabajo). When it describes an action like this, it never changes its ending, regardless of who is speaking.

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