Learn Spanish (Latin America): El velo debe de estar en la cabaña.

The phrase deber de followed by an infinitive expresses probability or a strong guess, meaning the speaker assumes the veil is there. If we dropped the de and said debe estar, it would technically express an obligation, meaning the veil is strictly required to be in the cabin. This distinction is the key to expressing deductions correctly, though you will sometimes hear native speakers mix them up in casual speech.

Could I use tiene que estar here instead?

Yes, tiene que estar is very common in Latin American Spanish for making a strong deduction, just like debe de estar. Both convey that based on the speaker's logic or evidence, the veil has to be in the cabin.

Why do we use estar instead of ser in this sentence?

Even though it follows the modal phrase deber de, the verb estar is still used according to its normal rules. We use estar rather than ser because the sentence describes the physical location of an object (el velo) in a specific place (en la cabaña).

Does cabaña refer to any type of cabin?