Breakdown of El parque es bonito y está limpio.
ser
to be
y
and
bonito
pretty / nice
estar
to be (location/state)
el parque
park
limpio
clean
Questions & Answers about El parque es bonito y está limpio.
Why does this sentence use both es and está to mean 'is'?
This is a perfect example of the difference between the two 'to be' verbs! We use es (from ser) for bonito because being pretty is an essential, lasting characteristic of this park. We use está (from estar) for limpio because being clean is a temporary condition—parks can easily get dirty and need to be cleaned again.
Why do both bonito and limpio end in -o?
In Spanish, describing words (adjectives) must match the gender of the noun they describe. Because el parque is a masculine word, both adjectives describing it must end in -o. If we were describing a feminine word like la casa (the house), we would say es bonita y está limpia.
The English translation says 'and it is clean'. Why is there no word for 'it' before está?
Could I say el parque está bonito instead?
You could, but it changes the meaning! Using está bonito means the park looks pretty right now as a temporary state, maybe because it was just decorated for a festival or the spring flowers just bloomed. Using es bonito means it is generally just a well-designed, pretty park all year round.
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