Breakdown of В любом предложении, в котором мы используем этот оборот, нужна запятая.
мы
we
этот
this [f: эта, n: это]
в
in / to (direction)
нужен
needed (short form)
любой
any
который
which / who / that (relative pronoun)
использовать
to use (+ accusative)
запятая
comma
предложение
sentence
оборот
clause
Questions & Answers about В любом предложении, в котором мы используем этот оборот, нужна запятая.
What exactly does оборот mean in this context?
While оборот translates literally to a turn or revolution, in grammar it refers to a phrase or construction. Since this lesson is about verbal adverbs, этот оборот refers specifically to a деепричастный оборот (a verbal adverb clause), which dictates the comma rule being discussed.
Why does the sentence use в котором instead of just которое?
The relative pronoun который must agree in gender and number with the noun it refers back to, but its case depends on its role in its own clause. It refers back to the neuter noun предложении. Because the meaning is in which, it requires the preposition в and therefore the prepositional case котором.
Why is нужна used here instead of the standard adjective нужная?
Нужна is a short-form adjective. When expressing that something is necessary or needed as the main predicate (the core state) of a sentence, Russian uses the short form. Here, it takes the feminine ending to agree with the feminine noun запятая.
Why are commas placed before в котором and after оборот?
The phrase в котором мы используем этот оборот is a dependent relative clause interrupting the main sentence (В любом предложении нужна запятая). Russian punctuation rules strictly require you to isolate dependent clauses with commas on both sides.
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