Chinese (Mandarin)

Spanish

English

Hindi

Arabic (Modern Standard)

Portuguese

Bengali

Russian

Japanese

Punjabi

German

Javanese

Malay

Telugu

Vietnamese

Korean

French

Marathi

Tamil

Urdu

Turkish

Italian

Chinese, Yue / Cantonese

Thai

Gujarati

Chinese, Jin

Chinese, Min Nan

Dari

Farsi

Polish

Pashto

Kannada

Chinese, Xiang

Malayalam

Sundanese

Hausa

Odia

Burmese

Chinese, Hakka

Ukrainian

Bihari, Bhojpuri

Tagalog

Yoruba

Bihari, Maithili

Uzbek

Sindhi

Amharic

Fula

Romanian

Oromo

Igbo

Azerbaijani

Chinese, Gan

Dutch

Kurdish, Central

Kurdish, Northern

Kurdish, Southern

Malagasy

Lahnda, Saraiki

Nepali

Sinhalese

Chittagonian

Zhuang

Khmer

Turkmen

Assamese

Madurese

Somali

Marwari

Bihari, Magahi

Haryanvi

Hungarian

Chhattisgarhi

Greek

Chewa

Dakhini

Akan, Twi

Akan, Fante

Kazakh

Chinese, Min Bei

Sylheti

Zulu

Czech

Kinyarwanda

Marwari, Dhundhari

Haitian Creole

Chinese, Min Dong

Ilocano

Quechua

Kirundi

Swedish

Hmong

Shona

Uyghur

Hiligaynon

Mossi

Xhosa

Belarusian

Balochi

Portuguese (Portugal)

### Adverbs of Manner (-mente)

When you want to describe exactly *how* an action is performed—like critiquing a dancer's moves or an actor's delivery—you use an adverb of manner.

Just like English often adds "-ly" to adjectives to create adverbs (like "smoothly" or "brilliantly"), Portuguese uses the suffix **-mente**.

### Adjectives ending in -e or a consonant

For adjectives that end in **-e** or a consonant (like **-l**), simply add **-mente** directly to the end of the word.

*Suave* (smooth) becomes *suavemente*:

{{item:982340}}

*Brilhante* (brilliant) becomes *brilhantemente*:

{{item:982343}}

If the word ends in a consonant, the rule is exactly the same. *Final* becomes *finalmente*, and *natural* becomes *naturalmente*:

{{item:982349}}

{{item:982355}}

### Adjectives ending in -o

If an adjective ends in **-o**, you must first change it to its feminine form (ending in **-a**) before adding **-mente**.

For example, *lindo* (beautiful) becomes *linda*, which then becomes *lindamente*:

{{item:982350}}

Similarly, *perfeito* (perfect) becomes *perfeita*, which gives us *perfeitamente*:

{{item:982358}}

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

contraction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

phrase

prefix

prep

preposition

pron

pronoun

sentence

verb

Demonstratives and the verb to be (isto é, o, a)

Subject pronouns and negation (eu, não)

Yes/no questions and question words (quem, o que)

Plural pronouns, articles, and verbs (somos, são, os, as)

Origin and possession (de, do, da)

Introductions (chamar-se)

Indefinite articles (um, uma, uns, umas)

The verb to be for locations (estar)

Contrasting the two verbs to be (ser vs. estar)

Preposition for locations (em, no, na)

Numbers 0 to 10 (zero, um, dois)

The verb to have (tenho, tem)

Regular -ar verbs (falar, trabalhar)

Regular -er verbs (comer, beber)

Regular -ir verbs (abrir, partir)

My, your, and our (o meu, a nossa)

His, hers, and theirs (dele, dela)

Adjective agreement and placement

Days of the week (segunda-feira)

Months of the year (janeiro)

Counting by tens to 100 (trinta, quarenta...)

Telling time (é uma, são...)

Asking about time (quando, a que horas)

The verb to go (ir)

Prepositions of direction (a, para)

Preposition a contractions (ao, à, aos, às)

Prepositions of place (ao lado de, em frente de...)

Demonstratives (este, esse, aquele)

Contractions with demonstratives (neste, desse, daquele)

Asking which and how many (qual, quanto)

Plurals ending in -ão (-ões, -ãos, -ães)

Plurals ending in consonants (-ns, -is, -es)

The verb to like (gostar de)

The verb to need (precisar de)

The verb to want (querer)

The verb can or may (poder)

Expressing obligation (ter de)

Adverbs of degree (muito, pouco)

Quantifiers (muito, pouco)

Comparatives (mais... do que, menos... do que)

Equality comparisons (tão... como)

The preposition com (comigo, contigo)

Coordinating conjunctions (e, mas, ou, porque)

The preposition por (pelo, pela)

Double negation (nunca, nada, ninguém)

Present continuous (estar a)

Near future (ir)

Past tense of regular -ar verbs

Past tense of regular -er and -ir verbs

Past tense of ser and ir (fui, foi)

Direct object pronouns (me, te, o, a, nos, os, as)

Pronoun placement with negatives and questions

Greetings and courtesy (bom dia, obrigado)

Physical states with ter (ter fome, ter frio)

Asking the way (à direita, sempre em frente)

Colours (vermelho, amarelo, cor-de-rosa)

Money and shopping (custar, a moeda)

Getting around (o motorista, a paragem de autocarro)

Weather and seasons (faz calor, o inverno)

Omitting the subject pronoun

Where things are: ficar (Onde fica...?)

Richer questions: que + noun and é que

Numbers above 100 (cento e vinte, mil)

First-person sound changes (durmo, prefiro)

Advice and ability: dever and saber

Asking why: porquê and porque

When one thing happens: quando-clauses

Here and there: aqui, aí, ali (cá e lá)

Formal and plural possessives: o seu, o vosso

Irregular presents: ver, vir, dar

Present irregulars

Reflexive verbs (me, te, se, nos)

Stem-changing reflexives

Attached object pronouns (-lo, -la, -los, -las)

Nasal attached pronouns (-no, -na, -nos, -nas)

Pronoun placement with adverbs

Past tense of fazer, dizer, and trazer

Past tense of ter, estar, poder, and saber

Past tense of querer and vir

Past tense of ver, dar, and ler

Past tense reflexive verbs (-se)

Time elapsed in the past (há)

Question	Answer
the dancer	o bailarino
smooth	suave
the stage	o palco
The dancer danced smoothly on the stage.	O bailarino dançou suavemente no palco.
the audience	o público
brilliant	brilhante
The audience liked the show, because the actress sang brilliantly.	O público gostou do espetáculo, porque a atriz cantou brilhantemente.
the rehearsal	o ensaio
perfect	perfeito
That rehearsal was marvelously calm and perfect.	Aquele ensaio foi maravilhosamente calmo e perfeito.
final	final
the applause	o aplauso
Finally, the director came to receive the applause.	Finalmente, o diretor veio receber os aplausos.
The audience wanted to hear the music and the actors sang beautifully.	O público quis ouvir a música e os atores cantaram lindamente.
The dancer is fantastic and dances incredibly.	O bailarino é fantástico e dança incrivelmente.
natural	natural
You can speak naturally, but the rehearsal already started.	Vocês podem falar naturalmente, mas o ensaio já começou.
The rehearsal started badly, but it finished brilliantly.	O ensaio começou mal, mas terminou brilhantemente.
The director smiled naturally after the applause.	O diretor sorriu naturalmente depois dos aplausos.
The actor sang sadly on the stage.	O ator cantou tristemente no palco.
The actress spoke smoothly and received fantastic applause.	A atriz falou suavemente e recebeu aplausos fantásticos.
Finally, the actress sings perfectly on the stage.	Finalmente, a atriz canta perfeitamente no palco.
rapidly, quickly	rapidamente
The train moves quickly.	O comboio anda rapidamente.
She answered the question quickly.	Ela respondeu rapidamente à pergunta.
slowly (formal)	lentamente
Grandfather walks slowly in the park.	O avô caminha lentamente no parque.
The door opens slowly.	A porta abre lentamente.
hardly, with difficulty	dificilmente
We will hardly arrive before eight.	Dificilmente chegamos antes das oito.
He hardly eats fish.	Ele dificilmente come peixe.
habitually, usually	habitualmente
I usually drink coffee in the morning.	Habitualmente bebo café de manhã.
She usually works until six.	Ela habitualmente trabalha até às seis.
regularly	regularmente
We train regularly at the gym.	Nós treinamos regularmente no ginásio.
Does he go to the pool regularly?	Ele vai regularmente à piscina?

Contributors