Breakdown of Komik sam jest bezczelny, więc nikt nie patrzy na niego.
być
to be
nie
no / not
na
on, at / to (motion toward) / for (a meal) / for (waiting for)
sam
alone / himself (emphatic) / pure / nothing but
więc
so, therefore
niego
him, it (after a preposition)
nikt
nobody
patrzeć
to look
komik
the comedian
bezczelny
insolent
Questions & Answers about Komik sam jest bezczelny, więc nikt nie patrzy na niego.
Why do we use niego instead of go for "him" here?
Because it comes right after a preposition (na). In Polish, when third-person pronouns like go (him), ją (her), or je (it) follow a preposition, they add an n- at the beginning to make them easier to pronounce. So, you must say na niego instead of na go.
The verb is patrzy, but what case does na niego take?
The phrase patrzeć na (to look at) requires the Accusative case for the person or thing you are looking at. The Accusative form of "him" after a preposition is niego (while the standard Accusative without a preposition is go).
Why is there a nie before patrzy if the sentence already has nikt (nobody)?
Polish requires double negatives. Whenever you use a negative word like nikt (nobody), nic (nothing), or nigdy (never), you must still negate the verb by putting nie directly in front of it.
Does sam mean "alone" or "himself" here, and how can I tell?
Sam can mean either depending on context and placement. Because it is placed right next to the subject (Komik sam), it emphasizes the noun, meaning "The comedian himself." If you wanted to say he is alone, you would typically place it after the verb: Komik jest sam.
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