Breakdown of Ta procedura trwa długo, więc musisz czekać, aż wydadzą dokument.
ten
this (m)
dokument
document
musieć
to have to
długo
for a long time
czekać
to wait
więc
so, therefore
trwać
to last
aż
until (to the point that) / so that
wydać
to issue
procedura
procedure
Questions & Answers about Ta procedura trwa długo, więc musisz czekać, aż wydadzą dokument.
Why does the Polish sentence use the future tense wydadzą when English uses the present tense "until they issue"?
In English, we usually use the present tense after time words like "until" or "when", even if the event hasn't happened yet. In Polish, you must use the logically correct tense. Since the document will be issued in the future, Polish uses the future tense wydadzą.
How do the verb aspects (perfective vs. imperfective) work with aż here?
The word aż (until) acts as a bridge between an ongoing state and a concluding event. You will be waiting continuously over a period of time, so czekać is imperfective. The waiting ends the moment the document is issued, which is a single, completed action, making wydadzą perfective.
Is dokument in the nominative case here?
It looks like it, but it is actually in the accusative case because it is the direct object of the action (what they will issue). Because dokument is a masculine inanimate noun, its accusative form is identical to its basic dictionary form, so the word does not change.
Why do we use trwa długo for "takes a long time"?
In English, we say that a process "takes" time, but in Polish, you cannot use the verb for taking (brać) when talking about time. Instead, you must use the verb trwać, which means "to last." So, the Polish sentence literally says "This procedure lasts long."
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