Questions & Answers about Przygotuję ten projekt z szefem.
Why does przygotuję mean "I will prepare" instead of "I am preparing", since it has a present-tense ending?
Przygotować is a perfective verb, meaning it focuses on the completion of an action. In Polish, when you put standard present-tense endings on a perfective verb stem, it automatically creates the future tense! This is because you cannot completely finish an action in the exact present moment.
Where is the word for "I" in this sentence?
It is built right into the verb. The -ę ending on przygotuję tells us that the subject is first person singular ("I"). In Polish, you usually drop the pronoun ja (I) unless you want to strongly emphasize it.
Since projekt is the direct object here, why doesn't it change its ending?
It actually is in the Accusative (direct object) case, but the spelling does not change. Projekt is a masculine inanimate noun (a masculine thing, not a person or animal). For masculine inanimate nouns, the Accusative form is exactly the same as the basic dictionary form. That is why ten projekt looks unchanged.
Why do we add -em to szef at the end of the sentence?
The word szef (boss) changes to szefem because of the preposition z (with). When z means "together with someone or something," it requires the noun to take the Instrumental case. For masculine nouns, that usually means adding the -em ending.