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### The Preposition "wbrew"

The preposition **wbrew** means "contrary to" or "against." It is used when actions go against expectations, nature, common sense, or a person's will.

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Whenever you use **wbrew**, the following noun phrase must be in the **Dative case (Celownik)**. One of the most common everyday phrases is **wbrew pozorom** (contrary to appearances), using the Dative plural form of **pozór**.

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### Going Against Instincts

When working with bees, you will often find yourself acting contrary to your natural reflexes. Here is a quick refresher on Dative singular endings to use with **wbrew**:

- **Masculine/Neuter**: Modifiers take **-emu** (e.g., **własnemu**, **zdrowemu**). Nouns typically take **-owi** (e.g., **instynktowi**, **odruchowi**) or **-u**.
- **Feminine**: Modifiers take **-ej** (e.g., **swojej**). Nouns usually take **-i**, **-y**, or **-e** (e.g., **woli**, **naturze**).

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Contrary to (wbrew)

adjective

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

particle

predicative

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

This is (to jest)

The verb to be, singular (być)

Formal address (Pan, Pani)

Demonstrative pronouns (ten, ta, to)

Adjective agreement

Negation (nie)

Basic questions (czy, kto, co, gdzie, jak)

The verb to be, plural (być)

Present tense -m/-sz verbs

Reflexive verbs (się)

Coordinating conjunctions (i, a, ale)

Feminine direct objects (Accusative)

Inanimate direct objects (Accusative)

Animate masculine direct objects (Accusative)

Present tense verbs 2 (-ę, -isz / -ysz)

Expressing location (w, na)

Locative adjective agreement

Professions and nationalities (Instrumental)

Accompaniment (z + Instrumental)

Present tense verbs 3 (-ę, -esz)

Plural possessives (nasz, wasz)

Numbers 1 to 10

Genitive of possession

Genitive of negation

Lack or absence (nie ma)

Basic quantifiers (dużo, mało, trochę)

Liking things (podoba mi się)

Modal verbs (móc, musieć)

Subordinating conjunctions (bo, że)

Unidirectional motion verbs (iść, jechać)

Expressing age (mieć... lat)

Habitual motion (chodzić, jeździć)

Expressing destination (do)

Days of the week (poniedziałek, wtorek...)

Plural nouns for objects and animals

Plural nouns for people

Plural adjective agreement

Accusative object pronouns (go, ją, je...)

The past tense of to be (był)

Singular past tense (-łem, -łam...)

Expressing age (mieć + lata / lat)

Plural past tense (-li / -ły)

Perfective past tense

Future tense (będę + infinitive)

Age: one year (mieć rok)

Prices and currency (złoty, grosz)

Destination (na + accusative)

Non-masculine plurals (-e, -y, -i)

Instrumental pronouns (ze mną, z tobą)

To know (znać vs wiedzieć)

The future perfective tense

The imperative mood

Months of the year (styczeń, luty)

Greetings and farewells (dzień dobry, cześć)

Introducing yourself (mam na imię)

Thank you and sorry (dziękuję, przepraszam)

Left, right, up and down (po lewej stronie)

Parts of the body (ręka, noga)

Parts of the day (dzień, noc, południe)

What is it like? (jaki, jaka, jakie)

Speaking Polish (mówić po polsku)

Instrumental for adjectives (dobrym, dobrą)

Please do... (proszę + infinitive)

Interests (interesować się + Instrumental)

Can one? (można, trzeba, nie wolno)

By bus or by train (jechać autobusem)

Where are you from? (jestem z Polski)

Where exactly? (obok, przy, przed, za, pod, nad)

What time is it? (Która godzina?)

Not seeing her (go, jej, ich; niego, niej, nich)

When I have time (kiedy as a conjunction)

Irregular past stems (miał, mieli)

The verb 'iść' in the past (szedł, szli)

Imperfective future (będę odpoczywał)

Past aspect (robił vs zrobił)

Future aspect (będzie malował vs pomaluje)

Perfective motion with po- (pójść, pojechać)

Arrival verbs with przy- (przyjść, przyjechać)

Departure verbs with wy- (wyjść, wyjechać)

The Vocative case (Panie, Mamo)

Plural possessives (moi, moje)

Reflexive possessive pronouns (swój)

Genitive plural of masculine nouns (-ów, -y, -i)

Genitive plural of feminine and neuter nouns

Genitive plural of adjectives (-ych, -ich)

Accusative plural of masculine personal nouns

Question	Answer
contrary to / against (expectations, will)	wbrew
appearance (semblance, guise)	pozór
Contrary to appearances, it is a very calm insect.	Wbrew pozorom to bardzo spokojny owad.
bee	pszczoła
to sting	użądlić
A bee can sting you if you have no experience.	Pszczoła może cię użądlić, jeśli nie masz doświadczenia.
apiary	pasieka
instinct	instynkt
In the apiary, you must stand calmly contrary to your own instinct.	W pasiece trzeba stać spokojnie wbrew własnemu instynktowi.
to panic	panikować
will	wola
We often panic against our own will.	Często panikujemy wbrew swojej woli.
Since I have an apiary, I have to be calm against my will.	Odkąd mam pasiekę, muszę być spokojny wbrew swojej woli.
Since I work with insects, I think about the nature of bees.	Odkąd pracuję z owadami, myślę o naturze pszczół.
Contrary to common sense, these people still panic.	Wbrew zdrowemu rozsądkowi ci ludzie wciąż panikują.
suit (jumpsuit, overalls)	kombinezon
Contrary to appearances, one works calmly in the suit.	Wbrew pozorom w kombinezonie pracuje się spokojnie.
When one wears this suit, a bee cannot sting you.	Kiedy nosi się ten kombinezon, pszczoła nie może cię użądlić.
Contrary to my nature, I think well of insects.	Wbrew swojej naturze myślę o owadach dobrze.
Bees will sting you more often if you start to panic.	Pszczoły użądlą cię częściej, jeśli zaczniesz panikować.
Contrary to instinct, one walks much more slowly in the apiary.	Wbrew instynktowi w pasiece chodzi się znacznie wolniej.
reflex	odruch
Contrary to reflex, close your eyes and do not run away!	Wbrew odruchowi, zamknij oczy i nie uciekaj!
beehive	ul
The bees are flying closer and closer to the beehive, but he stands calmly, contrary to reflex.	Pszczoły latają coraz bliżej ula, ale on stoi spokojnie, wbrew odruchowi.
He is opening these beehives today, contrary to his father's will.	On otwiera te ule dzisiaj, wbrew woli ojca.
These stupid guys panic contrary to logic when they see a beehive.	Te głupie chłopy panikują wbrew logice, kiedy widzą ul.