Learn Italian: Qualora sorga un problema, il comitato vi aiuterà. - Should a problem arise, the committee will help you.

Qualora always triggers the subjunctive. Because the main clause is in the future tense (aiuterà) and the condition is viewed as a real possibility in the future, we use the present subjunctive. If we were treating this as an unlikely hypothesis (like "If a problem were to arise"), we would use the imperfect subjunctive (sorgesse) paired with the conditional in the main clause (aiuterebbe).

Can I just use se instead of qualora in this sentence?

Yes, but you would need to change the verb mood and the tone of the sentence would become less formal. While qualora requires the subjunctive, using se for a realistic future condition requires the indicative. You would say: Se sorge un problema (present indicative) or Se sorgerà un problema (future indicative).

Why is the subject un problema placed after the verb sorga?

With verbs of happening, arriving, or appearing (such as sorgere, succedere, capitare, or arrivare), Italian strongly prefers placing the subject after the verb, especially when introducing new information. Qualora un problema sorga is not strictly grammatically wrong, but it sounds clunky and unnatural to native ears.

What is the infinitive of sorga and how is it conjugated?