Learn Italian: Non capisco. Che cosa significa questa risposta? - I don't understand. What does this answer mean?

In Italian, you usually leave out subject pronouns like io (I) because the verb ending already tells you who is doing the action. The -o ending in capisco makes it clear that "I" am the one who doesn't understand.

Why does the verb capire (to understand) change to capisco instead of just "capo"?

Capire belongs to a special group of verbs ending in -ire that add -isc- before the regular endings in the present tense (for I, you, he/she/it, and they). So, "I understand" becomes capisco.

Why are there two words for "what" (Che cosa)?

To ask "what?" in Italian, you can use che, cosa, or both together as che cosa. They all mean the exact same thing and are used interchangeably in everyday conversation, though che cosa is the most complete form.

Why does the sentence use questa instead of questo?

The word for "this" (questo) has to match the gender and number of the noun it describes. Because risposta (answer) is a feminine singular word, questo changes its ending to become questa.

Why does the verb significa come before the subject questa risposta?