Learn Italian: Camminiamo verso la cima, anche se sudiamo molto. - We walk toward the top, even if we sweat a lot.

The conjunction anche se (even if / even though) is followed by the indicative mood—which just means the normal verb tenses you already know! Because sweating is presented as a real, current fact in this sentence, you simply use the standard present tense sudiamo.

Does anche se sudiamo mean "even if we sweat" or "even though we are sweating"?

It can mean both! Italian uses the simple present tense (sudiamo) to express both "we sweat" and "we are sweating." Likewise, anche se translates to both "even if" and "even though." Depending on the context, "even though we are sweating a lot" is a very natural way to interpret this.

Could I use the preposition a instead of verso here, like alla cima?

You could, but it changes the nuance. Verso specifically means "toward," emphasizing the direction of your walk. If you used alla cima (to the top), it would sound more like reaching the top is your definite destination rather than just the direction you are heading.

Why aren't there any subject pronouns like noi in this sentence?