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### Regular -ire verbs

Italian verbs fall into three groups based on their infinitive endings: **-are**, **-ere**, and **-ire**. To conjugate regular **-ire** verbs like **dormire** (to sleep) in the present tense, drop the **-ire** and add these endings:

| Pronoun | Ending | Example: dormire (to sleep) |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **io** | -o | dormo |
| **tu** | -i | dormi |
| **lui / lei / Lei** | -e | dorme |
| **noi** | -iamo | dormiamo |
| **voi** | -ite | dormite |
| **loro** | -ono | dormono |

Notice that the **noi** ending (**-iamo**) is exactly the same as for **-are** and **-ere** verbs. The other endings are also similar to **-ere** verbs, except for **voi** (**-ite**).

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### More common -ire verbs

Other regular **-ire** verbs include **offrire** (to offer), **partire** (to leave), **sentire** (to hear), and **seguire** (to follow).

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### The formal Lei

When using the formal **Lei** (formal "you"), use the third-person singular ending (**-e**).

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Regular -ire verbs

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Subject pronouns and the verb to be (io sono)

Singular definite articles (il, la)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Months of the year

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Past tense of modal verbs

Question	Answer
to sleep	dormire
I am sleepy and I'm sleeping.	Ho sonno e dormo.
to open	aprire
Are you opening the window?	Apri la finestra?
the morning	la mattina
in the morning	di mattina
The boys don't sleep in the morning.	I ragazzi non dormono la mattina.
We open the shop in the morning.	Apriamo il negozio la mattina.
to offer	offrire
Today they are offering coffee.	Oggi offrono il caffè.
Marco always offers a snack.	Marco offre sempre uno spuntino.
to leave	partire
We are leaving early.	Partiamo presto.
Are you leaving late?	Partite tardi?
the trip	il viaggio
Does your trip begin today?	Il tuo viaggio inizia oggi?
The trip is very boring.	Il viaggio è molto noioso.
to hear	sentire
the noise	il rumore
Do you hear this noise?	Senti questo rumore?
We don't hear the noise here.	Qui non sentiamo il rumore.
to follow	seguire
often	spesso
I often follow sports.	Seguo spesso lo sport.
The dogs often follow the children.	I cani seguono spesso i bambini.
Excuse me, sir, will you open the door?	Scusi, signore, apre la porta?
The train leaves in the morning.	Il treno parte di mattina.
In the morning I open the windows.	Di mattina apro le finestre.

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