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### The months of the year

To talk about when events happen, you need to know the twelve months (*i mesi*). In Italian, all months are masculine and are **not capitalized** unless they begin a sentence.

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### Saying "in" a month

When saying that something happens "in" a certain month, drop the definite article. Instead, use either the preposition **a** or **in**. Both are correct and widely used interchangeably.

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You can also use prepositions like **tra** (between) when talking about a span of time across different months.

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### Throughout the year

As you move through the calendar, the grammatical patterns remain exactly the same for all twelve months.

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Months of the year

adjective

adjective/adverb

adverb

conjunction

determiner

interjection

noun

numeral

preposition

pronoun

proper noun

sentence

verb

Subject pronouns and the verb to be (io sono)

Singular definite articles (il, la)

Singular demonstratives (questo, questa)

Basic verbal negation (non)

Yes/No questions

Coordinating conjunctions (e, ma, o)

Regular plurals and definite articles (-i, -e, i, le)

Plural verb to be (noi siamo, voi siete)

Plural demonstratives (questi, queste)

Nouns ending in -e

Special singular articles (lo, l')

The plural article (gli)

Special indefinite articles (uno, un')

Demonstrative adjectives (quello, quella)

Adjective endings (-o, -a, -i, -e)

Expressing quantity (molto, poco, tanto)

The verb to have (ho, hai, ha...)

There is / there are (c'è, ci sono)

The preposition of (di)

Singular possessives (il mio, la mia)

Numbers 1 to 10 (uno, due, tre...)

Numbers 11 to 20 (undici, dodici...)

Numbers 21 to 100 (trenta, quaranta...)

Idiomatic avere (avere fame, avere anni)

Plural possessive adjectives (i miei, le mie)

Possessives with family members (mio padre)

Formal address (dare del Lei)

Present tense of -are verbs (-o, -i, -a)

Question words (chi, cosa, dove)

Present tense of -ere verbs (-o, -i, -e)

Question words (quando, come, perché)

Question word agreement (quanto, quanta, quanti, quante)

Regular -ire verbs

Verbs with -isc- (capisco, capisci, capisce)

Pronouns after prepositions (me, te, lui)

The verb fare (faccio, fai, fa)

The verb andare (vado, vai, va)

The verb stare (sto, stai, sta)

The verb venire (vengo, vieni, viene)

The verb uscire (esco, esci, esce)

Location and destination (a, in)

Origin and movement (da)

Articulated prepositions with a (al, alla)

Articulated prepositions with in (nel, nella)

Articulated prepositions with di and da (del, dal)

Simple prepositions (con, per, su, tra)

Articulated prepositions with su (sul, sulla)

Telling time (sono le...)

Dates (il + number)

Ordinal numbers 1st to 10th (primo, secondo, terzo...)

The verb to want (volere)

The verb can (potere)

The verb must (dovere)

The verb to know (sapere)

Reflexive verbs (mi lavo, ti lavi)

Indirect object pronouns (gli, le, ci...)

Expressing preferences (mi piace)

Plural preferences (mi piacciono)

Comparatives (più... di, meno... di)

The passato prossimo with avere (ho parlato)

Irregular past participles (fatto, letto, preso)

The passato prossimo with essere (sono andato)

Reflexive verbs in the past (mi sono svegliato)

Time adverbs with the past tense (già, mai, ancora)

Third-person direct object pronouns (lo, la, li, le)

First and second-person direct object pronouns (mi, ti, ci, vi)

The four seasons

Prepositions of place (vicino a, davanti a)

Conversational words (beh, allora, davvero)

Indefinite adjectives for some (qualche, alcuni)

Indefinite adjectives for every and all (ogni, tutti)

Indefinite pronouns (qualcosa, qualcuno)

Noun suffixes (-ino, -one)

Adverbs of manner (-mente)

Comparisons of equality (così... come)

The relative superlative (il più)

The absolute superlative (-issimo)

Irregular comparatives (migliore, peggiore)

Present progressive (stare + -ando, -endo)

Imminent actions (stare per)

The locative pronoun (ci)

The partitive pronoun (ne)

Pronoun placement with modal verbs

Impersonal subjects (si)

Prepositions of time (da, per, tra, fra)

Past participle agreement with pronouns

Past tense of modal verbs

Question	Answer
January	il gennaio
February	il febbraio
January and February are very cold months.	Gennaio e febbraio sono mesi molto freddi.
In February there are twenty-eight days.	A febbraio ci sono ventotto giorni.
March	il marzo
Marco returns to Italy between January and March.	Marco torna in Italia tra gennaio e marzo.
April	l'aprile
March and April are beautiful months here.	Marzo e aprile sono mesi belli qui.
May	il maggio
There are a lot of people in April and May.	C'è molta gente in aprile e maggio.
June	il giugno
We leave for France in May or June.	Partiamo per la Francia a maggio o a giugno.
July	il luglio
June and July are hot months.	Giugno e luglio sono mesi caldi.
August	l'agosto
In July and August the shops are closed.	A luglio e agosto i negozi sono chiusi.
September	il settembre
My vacation ends between August and September.	La mia vacanza finisce tra agosto e settembre.
October	l'ottobre
The university starts in September or October.	L'università inizia a settembre o ottobre.
November	il novembre
October and November are quiet months in my city.	Ottobre e novembre sono mesi tranquilli nella mia città.
December	il dicembre
We have a lot of work in November and December.	Abbiamo molto lavoro a novembre e dicembre.
The important party is in December.	La festa importante è a dicembre.