Breakdown of Þið hlupuð yfir stíginn og komuð í skálann.
og
and
þið
you (plural)
koma
to come
í
in / into / to (before the hour, in telling time) / per (in frequency expressions)
hlaupa
to run
yfir
past / over, across
stígurinn
the path
skálinn
the cabin
Questions & Answers about Þið hlupuð yfir stíginn og komuð í skálann.
Why does the verb hlaupa become hlupuð here?
hlaupa (to run) is a strong verb, meaning it changes its inner vowel in the past tense instead of taking a regular ending like -aði. In the past plural (we, you all, they), the vowel changes from au to u. Since the pronoun is þið (you plural), we also add the -uð ending, giving us hlupuð.
Does the strong verb koma (to come) also change its vowel to make komuð?
Actually, koma is a bit unusual! For the past tense plural, it keeps the same o vowel as the dictionary form. To make it match þið, we just take the stem kom- and add the past plural ending -uð, making komuð.
Why are stíginn (the path) and skálann (the cabin) in the accusative case?
They come directly after the prepositions yfir (over) and í (into). Because the sentence describes active movement from one place to a new destination, these prepositions require the accusative case. If the sentence described being stationary inside the cabin, you would use the dative case (í skálanum).
How do we build the word skálann from the dictionary form skáli?
skáli is a masculine noun. In the accusative case, masculine words ending in -i change their ending to -a, becoming skála. To say "the cabin", we add the masculine accusative definite article -nn to the end, resulting in skálann.
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