Вона ще трохи кашляє, але лікар каже, що скоро вона одужає.

Here ще трохи means still a little / still a bit.

So Вона ще трохи кашляє = She is still coughing a little.

A few notes:

• ще often means still, yet, or more, depending on context.
• трохи means a little / a bit.

In this sentence, they work together naturally to show that the coughing has not completely stopped yet.

Кашляє is the 3rd person singular present tense form of кашляти (to cough).

So:

• я кашляю = I cough / am coughing
• ти кашляєш = you cough / are coughing
• вона кашляє = she coughs / is coughing

In Ukrainian, the present tense can often translate as either:

• she coughs
• she is coughing

Here, because of context, English usually prefers she is still coughing a little.

Because Ukrainian does not need a separate verb like is for the present progressive the way English does.

English says:

• She is coughing

But Ukrainian simply uses the present tense verb:

• Вона кашляє

So one Ukrainian present-tense form can cover both:

• she coughs
• she is coughing

The exact English translation depends on context.

Але means but.

It connects the two parts of the sentence:

• Вона ще трохи кашляє = She is still coughing a little
• але лікар каже... = but the doctor says...

So it introduces a contrast: she still has a symptom, but the doctor gives reassuring news.

Що here means that.

So:

• лікар каже, що... = the doctor says that...

This is a very common pattern in Ukrainian after verbs of saying, knowing, thinking, etc.

Examples:

• Я знаю, що він тут. = I know that he is here.
• Вона думає, що все буде добре. = She thinks that everything will be fine.

In English, that is sometimes optional:

• The doctor says she will recover soon.

In Ukrainian, що is normally expressed in sentences like this.

Yes, it could be omitted.

You could say:

• ...що скоро одужає.

Ukrainian often drops subject pronouns when the meaning is clear from the verb form. This is because the verb ending already gives information about the subject.

However, including вона is also perfectly natural. It can add:

• clarity
• a slightly fuller rhythm
• slight emphasis on she

So both are possible:

• ...що скоро вона одужає
• ...що скоро одужає

Одужає means will recover / will get better.

It is the 3rd person singular future form of одужати (to recover, to get well).

So:

• вона одужає = she will recover

This verb is perfective, so its future form is a simple future form, not a compound one.

This is about aspect, which is very important in Ukrainian.

Одужати is a perfective verb, meaning it presents the action as a complete result:

• to recover
• to get well

Perfective verbs form the future with one word:

• вона одужає = she will recover

By contrast, an imperfective future often uses бути + infinitive:

• буде читати = will be reading / will read

But with recovery, одужає is the normal natural choice when you mean the result: she will get better.

Both одужати and видужати mean to recover / to get well.

In many contexts they are interchangeable. Depending on region, speaker, and style, one may sound more common than the other. In standard modern Ukrainian, одужати is very common and neutral.

So:

• Вона скоро одужає.
• Вона скоро видужає.

Both can mean She will recover soon.

Скоро means soon, and Ukrainian word order is more flexible than English word order.

So:

• що скоро вона одужає
• що вона скоро одужає

Both are possible.

The version in your sentence sounds natural and slightly emphasizes the timing: soon she will recover.

Ukrainian often moves words around for:

• emphasis
• rhythm
• information focus

The meaning usually stays the same.

Лікар is in the nominative case because it is the subject of каже.

Ukrainian does not have articles like a or the, so лікар can mean:

• a doctor
• the doctor

You understand which one is meant from context.

In this sentence, English would most naturally say the doctor because it sounds like a specific doctor already known in the situation.

Yes. Лікар is the standard word for doctor and can refer to a doctor of either sex.

Grammatically, лікар is a masculine noun, but in real usage it can still refer to a woman.

You may also hear лікарка, which is specifically female doctor.

So depending on context:

• лікар каже = the doctor says
• лікарка каже = the female doctor says

Because Ukrainian punctuation usually separates clauses more explicitly than English learners may expect.

In this sentence:

• Вона ще трохи кашляє = first clause
• але лікар каже... = second clause joined with але
• що скоро вона одужає = subordinate clause after каже

So the commas mark the clause boundaries:

• before але because it joins two clauses
• before що because it introduces a subordinate clause

This is standard Ukrainian punctuation.

Yes, often it could.

• лікар каже = the doctor says
• лікар говорить = the doctor says / speaks

But there is a difference in feel:

• казати is very common for to say
• говорити can mean to speak or to say

In this sentence, каже is the most straightforward and natural choice for reporting what the doctor says.

A helpful approximate pronunciation is:

VON-a shche TRO-khy KASH-lya-ye, A-le LI-kar KA-zhe, shcho SKO-ro vo-NA o-du-ZHA-ye.

A few pronunciation notes:

• щ in що is pronounced like a soft shch sound.
• є in кашляє sounds roughly like ye.
• Stress:
  • вона́
  • тро́хи
  • ка́шляє
  • лі́кар
  • ка́же
  • ско́ро
  • одужа́є

Grammatically, it can correspond to both.

But in normal English, in this context, She is still coughing a little sounds more natural because it describes her current condition.

So:

• literal possibility: She still coughs a little
• natural contextual translation: She is still coughing a little

This is a common difference between Ukrainian and English tense usage.