У магазині вісімдесят товарів.

Because after the preposition у meaning in, the noun магазин usually goes into the locative case.

• dictionary form: магазин = store, shop
• locative singular: магазині = in the store

So:

• магазин = a store
• у магазині = in the store

This is very common in Ukrainian: a preposition changes the form of the noun that follows it.

Because after numerals like п’ять (5), шість (6), десять (10), двадцять (20), вісімдесят (80), Ukrainian normally uses the genitive plural form of the noun.

So:

• товар = product, item, goods item
• товари = products/items
• товарів = of products/items → genitive plural

After вісімдесят, the correct form is товарів.

This is a key pattern:

• один товар
• два / три / чотири товари
• п’ять товарів
• вісімдесят товарів

In Ukrainian, the verb to be is usually omitted in the present tense.

So where English says:

• There are eighty items in the store

Ukrainian can simply say:

• У магазині вісімдесят товарів.

There is no need to add a present-tense є in a basic sentence like this, although є can appear in some contexts for emphasis or style.

So this sentence is completely normal without any separate word for are.

Ukrainian often puts the place or setting first, especially in sentences meaning there is / there are.

So У магазині вісімдесят товарів is structurally close to:

• In the store, there are eighty items.

This sounds natural in Ukrainian because it introduces the location first and then says what exists there.

You could also rearrange the sentence, but the original word order is very typical and natural.

Yes, often you can. У and в both commonly mean in.

The choice between them is often about sound and ease of pronunciation, not a difference in meaning. Ukrainian frequently alternates between у and в to avoid awkward sound combinations.

So both of these can mean the same thing:

• У магазині
• В магазині

In this sentence, У магазині sounds smooth and natural.

Вісімдесят is made from:

• вісім = eight
• -десят = ten(s)

Historically and structurally, it is the Ukrainian word for eighty.

It is one word:

• вісімдесят

Not two separate words.

This is similar to other tens:

• п’ятдесят = fifty
• шістдесят = sixty
• сімдесят = seventy
• вісімдесят = eighty

A learner-friendly approximation is:

• вісімдесят ≈ VEE-seem-deh-syat
• товарів ≈ to-va-REEV

A few useful notes:

• в is like English v
• і is like ee in see
• сім in вісім is pronounced clearly; do not reduce it too much
• the final part -десят is pronounced as one unit, not like separate English words

If you want to pay attention to stress, a common guide is:

• вісімдеся́т
• товарі́в
• магази́ні

Stress is important in Ukrainian, even though it is usually not written in normal text.

Yes, Ukrainian word order is more flexible than English word order. But different orders can sound more natural in different contexts.

The sentence:

• У магазині вісімдесят товарів.

is the most neutral way to say it.

Other orders are possible, for example:

• Вісімдесят товарів у магазині.

This can work, but it may sound more marked, as if you are emphasizing eighty items.

So the original version is best for a straightforward statement.

It follows a very common Ukrainian existence/location pattern:

• У/В + location in the locative case
• number
• noun in the form required by that number

So here:

• У магазині = in the store
• вісімдесят = eighty
• товарів = items/products, in the genitive plural

This pattern is extremely useful. You can build many similar sentences:

• У кімнаті три стільці. = There are three chairs in the room.
• У місті багато людей. = There are many people in the city.
• У коробці п’ять книжок. = There are five books in the box.

Yes. In Ukrainian, товар can be used as a countable noun meaning product, item, or goods item, especially in commercial contexts.

So:

• вісімдесят товарів

means eighty products/items in a very natural retail or inventory sense.

Depending on context, Ukrainian may also use other nouns, such as:

• речей = things
• предметів = objects/items
• позицій = entries/items
• виробів = products/articles

But товарів is completely normal when talking about merchandise in a shop.

The most important pattern is how nouns behave after numbers:

• 1 → usually nominative singular
  один товар
• 2, 3, 4 → usually nominative plural
  два товари, три товари, чотири товари
• 5 and higher → usually genitive plural
  п’ять товарів, десять товарів, вісімдесят товарів

So this sentence is a good example of the 5+ rule.

If you remember just one grammar point from it, make it this:

After вісімдесят, use the genitive plural: товарів.