Yengem sarma getirdi, eniştem ise kısırın çok lezzetli olduğunu söyledi.

The -m is the 1st person singular possessive suffix, so it means my.

• yenge → yengem = my sister-in-law
• enişte → eniştem = my brother-in-law

Turkish usually adds possession directly to the noun instead of using a separate word like my.

Also, kinship terms in Turkish do not always match English family labels perfectly. Depending on the family relationship, yenge and enişte can cover slightly broader meanings than just the basic English sister-in-law and brother-in-law.

Because sarma here is an indefinite direct object.

In Turkish:

• bare noun object = non-specific / indefinite
• accusative object = specific / definite

So:

• sarma getirdi = brought sarma / some sarma
• sarmayı getirdi = brought the sarma / that sarma

This is a very common Turkish pattern and often feels unusual to English speakers, because English does not mark this distinction with case endings in the same way.

getirdi comes from getirmek = to bring.

Breakdown:

• getir- = verb stem
• -di = past tense
• no extra ending is needed here for he/she/it

So getirdi means he/she brought.

Turkish verbs often look shorter than English ones because the subject pronoun is usually omitted when context already makes it clear.

Here ise adds contrast. It is like saying:

• as for...
• whereas...
• however...

So eniştem ise gives the sense of:

• as for my brother-in-law...
• my brother-in-law, on the other hand,...

It helps contrast the two parts of the sentence:

• one person brought something
• the other person said something

Without ise, the sentence would still be grammatical, but the contrast would be weaker.

Because kısır is the subject of a subordinate clause, and in this kind of Turkish structure that subject usually takes the genitive case.

So:

• kısır = the dish itself
• kısırın = of the kısır / more naturally, that the kısır...

This happens in -DIK subordinate clauses, which are very common after verbs like:

• söylemek = to say
• bilmek = to know
• duymak = to hear
• görmek = to see

So the pattern is roughly:

• [subordinate clause subject in genitive] + [verb/adjective + nominalized ending]

This is one of the most important structures in Turkish.

It corresponds to something like that it is/was very delicious.

A simplified breakdown:

• çok lezzetli = very delicious
• olduğunu = roughly that it is/was

More technically, olduğunu contains:

• ol- = to be / become
• -duk / -dık / -diğ- type nominalizing element
• 3rd person possessive
• accusative, because the whole clause is the object of söyledi

So the whole chunk:

• kısırın çok lezzetli olduğunu

functions as the object of söyledi:

• He said [that the kısır is/was very delicious].

English uses that plus a normal clause. Turkish usually turns the clause into a noun-like structure.

Turkish often does not use a separate word equivalent to English that in reported statements. Instead, it commonly uses a nominalized clause.

So English says:

• He said that it was delicious.

Turkish more literally does something like:

• He said [its being delicious].

That is why learners often see structures like:

• geldiğini söyledi = said that he came / had come
• güzel olduğunu söyledi = said that it is/was beautiful
• hazır olduklarını söyledi = said that they are/were ready

There is also a ki structure in Turkish, but the -DIK / olduğunu pattern is usually the more standard and central one for learners to master.

Not always in the way an English speaker might expect.

Even though olduğunu looks past-like, in sentences like this it often translates naturally as either:

• said that it was very delicious or
• said that it is very delicious

The exact English tense depends on context and on how natural the sentence sounds in English.

With adjectives and reported speech, Turkish does not always line up neatly with English tense usage. So it is best to learn olduğunu söyledi as a common reporting pattern, not as a simple one-to-one past tense form.

Because Turkish is generally a verb-final language.

The main verb often comes at the end, and everything connected to it appears before it.

Here:

• kısırın çok lezzetli olduğunu = the thing he said
• söyledi = said

So Turkish naturally puts the reported content first and the reporting verb last.

This is normal Turkish word order:

• [what was said] + söyledi
• [what was seen] + gördü
• [what was known] + biliyor

Yes.

You could say:

• Yengem sarma getirdi, eniştem kısırın çok lezzetli olduğunu söyledi.

That is still correct.

Adding ise makes the contrast clearer and smoother:

• My sister-in-law brought sarma; my brother-in-law, on the other hand, said the kısır was very delicious.

So ise is not required for grammar here, but it adds a useful discourse meaning.