Kısayol menüsü açılınca dosyayı daha hızlı buluyorum.

A word-by-word breakdown is:

• kısayol menüsü = shortcut menu / context menu
• açılınca = when it opens / when it is opened
• dosyayı = the file
• daha hızlı = more quickly / faster
• buluyorum = I find / I am finding

So the sentence structure is basically:

When the shortcut menu opens, I find the file more quickly.

Turkish normally puts the main verb, here buluyorum, at the end.

This is a very common Turkish noun compound pattern.

• kısayol = shortcut
• menü = menu
• menü + sü = menüsü

In Turkish, compounds like shortcut menu, car door, school bus, etc. often use a structure where the second noun gets a 3rd-person possessive ending.

So:

• kısayol menüsü = shortcut menu
• literally something like its menu of shortcut

This does not mean there is an actual possessor in English. It is just the normal Turkish way to form many noun compounds.

-ınca / -ince / -unca / -ünce is a time-clause ending that usually means:

• when
• once
• as soon as

So:

• açılınca = when it opens / once it opens

The exact form depends on vowel harmony. Since the last relevant vowel here is ı, the form is -ınca.

This ending is very common in Turkish for making subordinate clauses:

• gelince = when he/she comes
• bitince = when it finishes
• görünce = when I see

This is an important difference.

• açmak = to open something
• açılmak = to open / to be opened

So:

• açınca usually means when someone opens it
• açılınca means when it opens or when it gets opened

In this sentence, the subject of that clause is kısayol menüsü, so açılınca focuses on the menu opening/appearing.

Compare:

• Kısayol menüsünü açınca... = when I/you/someone open the shortcut menu...
• Kısayol menüsü açılınca... = when the shortcut menu opens...

Because it is a definite direct object, so Turkish uses the accusative ending.

• dosya = a file / file
• dosyayı = the file

The extra -y- is just a buffer consonant, because dosya ends in a vowel and the accusative ending begins with a vowel.

So:

• dosya buluyorum = I find a file / I am finding some file
• dosyayı buluyorum = I find the file

English speakers often need time to get used to this, because Turkish marks specificity on direct objects much more clearly.

Yes, hızlı is basically an adjective meaning fast or quick.

But in Turkish, adjectives are often used adverbially without changing form. So:

• hızlı = fast / quickly
• daha hızlı = faster / more quickly

That means daha hızlı buluyorum is perfectly normal Turkish for I find it more quickly.

Unlike English, Turkish does not need a separate -ly form here.

Literally, daha means more, and hızlı means fast/quick.

So daha hızlı means:

• faster
• more quickly

In this sentence, it most naturally means more quickly because it describes how the file is found.

It also implies a comparison, even if the comparison is not stated explicitly. The meaning is something like:

• more quickly than before
• more quickly than without the menu
• more quickly than in some other method

Buluyorum is the present continuous form:

• bul- = find
• -uyor- = present continuous
• -um = I

So buluyorum literally looks like I am finding.

However, in Turkish, the -yor form is used not only for actions happening right now, but also very often for:

• current habits
• repeated actions
• situations the speaker experiences as real and ongoing

So here buluyorum can naturally mean I find in this situation.

If you said bulurum, that would sound more like:

• I find
• I usually find
• I can find

It is more general or habitual. Buluyorum feels more immediate and tied to the actual process.

Turkish often drops subject pronouns because the verb ending already shows the subject.

Here:

• buluyorum ends in -um, which tells us the subject is I

So ben is unnecessary unless you want emphasis or contrast.

For example:

• Dosyayı daha hızlı buluyorum. = I find the file more quickly.
• Ben dosyayı daha hızlı buluyorum. = I find the file more quickly.
  This sounds more like I find it more quickly, maybe not someone else.

The sentence uses a very typical Turkish order:

• time clause first: Kısayol menüsü açılınca
• object before verb: dosyayı
• adverb before verb: daha hızlı
• main verb at the end: buluyorum

This is the most neutral and natural order.

But Turkish word order is somewhat flexible, and changing it can shift emphasis. For example:

• Dosyayı kısayol menüsü açılınca daha hızlı buluyorum.

This is still understandable, but it puts more focus on dosyayı.

Even when word order changes, the verb usually stays near the end in standard Turkish.