Learn Hardcore Turkish: Manşeti görünce haberi arkadaşına gönderdi. - When she saw the headline, she sent the news to her friend.

The suffix -IncA on a verb means when/once/upon -ing. So gör-ünce = “when (he/she) saw / upon seeing.” It forms a time clause and is very common in everyday Turkish.

Why is it görünce (with ü) and not görince?

Because of vowel harmony. The suffix -IncA changes its vowel to match the last vowel of the stem:

After front rounded vowels (ö, ü), it becomes -ünce / -ünca.
gör- ends with ö, so we get gör-ünce.

Why are manşeti and haberi in the -i form?

That is the accusative case, marking a definite direct object.

manşet-i = “the headline” (as the thing that was seen)
haber-i = “the news item / the story” (as the thing that was sent)

If they were indefinite, you’d typically see no accusative: bir manşet görünce (“when he saw a headline”), haber gönderdi (“he sent a news item”).

Could haberi mean “his/her news”? How do I tell?

Written haberi can be ambiguous in isolation:

Accusative of “news” = “the news”
3sg possessed “his/her news” (nominative)

But as a direct object, “his/her news” is normally haberini (possessed + accusative). In this sentence, context strongly favors “the news (story),” not “his/her news.” If you want to be crystal clear about possession, you’d say onun haberini (“his/her news” as object).

What exactly is arkadaşına? Why not arkadaşa?

arkadaş-ı-na = friend + 3sg possessive (-ı, “his/her friend”) + dative (-a, “to”), with buffer -n: “to his/her friend.”
arkadaşa = friend + dative = “to a friend” (no possession expressed).

So arkadaşına is specific and possessed; arkadaşa is non-possessed.

Where’s the subject? How do we know it’s “he/she”?

Turkish often drops subject pronouns. The verb gönderdi is 3rd person singular past, so the subject is understood as he/she. If you add o (“he/she”), it doesn’t add gender (Turkish has none); it only makes the subject explicit.

Can I change the word order? For example, put arkadaşına before haberi?

Yes. Word order is flexible for nuance/emphasis, as long as elements stay before the verb:

Manşeti görünce haberi arkadaşına gönderdi (neutral).
Manşeti görünce arkadaşına haberi gönderdi (slight emphasis shift).
The item right before the verb is often focused: placing arkadaşına before gönderdi can highlight “to his/her friend.”

Should there be a comma after Manşeti görünce?

It’s optional. Many writers put a comma after an initial -ince clause: Manşeti görünce, haberi arkadaşına gönderdi. Both with and without a comma are acceptable.

Can I use gördüğünde instead of görünce? Any difference?

Yes. gördüğünde (gör-düğ-ün-de) also means “when he/she saw.” Nuance:

-ince is very common and a bit more colloquial.
-DIĞINDA is slightly more formal/explicit and lets you mark the subject in the genitive:
Ali’nin manşeti gördüğünde… = “When Ali saw the headline…”

What about görür görmez?

görür görmez means “as soon as (he/she) saw” and emphasizes immediacy.
Example: Manşeti görür görmez haberi arkadaşına gönderdi. = “As soon as he saw the headline, he sent the news to his friend.”

Could I use görüp instead of görünce?

You can, but it slightly changes the feel:

görüp = “(having) seen and (then)”—more like sequential and.
görünce = “when/upon seeing”—time/trigger.
So Manşeti görüp haberi gönderdi is “He saw the headline and sent the news,” a bit less explicitly causal than görünce.

What’s the nuance of manşet vs başlık?

manşet is a loanword used mainly for a newspaper’s big, front-page headline.
başlık is broader: title/heading of an article, book, email subject, etc.
Using manşet here hints it’s a prominent news headline.

How do I say “to his friends,” “to my friend,” etc.?

To his/her friend: arkadaşına
To his/her friends: arkadaşlarına
To my friend: arkadaşıma
To our friend: arkadaşımıza
To your friend (sg.): arkadaşına; (pl./formal): arkadaşınıza

Can I replace haberi with onu (“it”)?

Grammatically yes: Onu arkadaşına gönderdi = “He sent it to his friend.”
But here it could be confusing, because onu might be taken to refer to manşet (the headline). Keeping haberi (or o haberi, “that news piece”) is clearer.

Can the subject of the -ince clause be different from the main clause?

Yes, you can state a different subject before the -ince verb:

Arkadaşı manşeti görünce, o haberi ona gönderdi. = “When his friend saw the headline, he sent the news to her/him.”
With -DIĞINDA, you mark the subordinate subject in genitive:
Onun arkadaşı manşeti gördüğünde, o haberi ona gönderdi.
Using names avoids pronoun ambiguity: Ayşe manşeti görünce, Ali haberi ona gönderdi.

Is haber countable in Turkish?

Yes. haber can be countable: bir haber (“a news item/story”), haberi (“the news story”). For general, uncountable “news,” Turkish often uses the plural haberler (“the news” as a TV bulletin, etc.).

Any synonyms or register notes for gönderdi?

gönderdi is neutral/standard (“sent”).
yolladı is a common synonym, slightly more informal in some contexts.
In tech contexts (messaging/email), both are widely used.