Learn Hardcore Turkish: Oysa yağmurluk dün çantandaydı, kapüşonunu unutmamıştın. - Yet the raincoat was in your bag yesterday, and you hadn’t forgotten your hood.

Oysa introduces a contrast: yet/however/whereas. It often implies “contrary to what we expected.” Ama is the neutral but. Halbuki is a bit stronger, often “in fact, yet.” Oysa ki is an emphatic/colloquial variant of oysa.

How is çantandaydı formed?

Breakdown:

çanta = bag
-n = your (2nd person singular possessive)
-da = in/at (locative)
idi = was (past copula), which fuses to -ydı after a vowel So: çanta-n-da-ydı = was in your bag.

Why is it -da (not -de) in çantanda?

Vowel harmony. The last vowel in çanta is a back vowel (a), so the locative uses the back form -da (not -de).

Why is there no article like “the” before yağmurluk?

Turkish has no articles. Yağmurluk can mean a raincoat or the raincoat; context supplies definiteness. As a subject, it isn’t case-marked for definiteness.

Do we need pronouns like o or sen in this sentence?

No. Turkish is pro‑drop. Person and tense are on the verb: unutma-mış-tı-n already shows 2nd person singular (you). The subject of the first clause is yağmurluk, so no o is needed.

Who does kapüşonunu belong to here?

On its own, kapüşonunu is ambiguous: it can mean your hood or its/his/her hood (both with accusative). Context usually resolves this; here it most naturally refers to the raincoat’s hood. To be explicit, say:

yağmurluğun kapüşonunu = the raincoat’s hood (accusative)
senin kapüşonunu = your hood (accusative)

Why is kapüşonunu in the accusative?

Because it’s a definite direct object of unutmak (to forget). Structure: kapüşon + possessive + accusative. The final -u marks accusative (harmonized).

What tense/aspect is unutmamıştın, and how does it differ from unutmadın?

Unutmamıştın is past perfect (pluperfect): you had not forgotten (before some reference time). Unutmadın is simple past: you did not forget. The pluperfect ties the action to an earlier point in the past (here, yesterday).

How do I say “You hadn’t forgotten to pull up the hood” more explicitly?

Use a verbal noun: Kapüşonunu çekmeyi unutmamıştın (pull up). Alternatives: takmayı (to put on), kapatmayı (to close).

Can I move dün earlier, e.g., Oysa dün yağmurluk çantandaydı?

Yes. Word order is flexible. Fronting dün puts extra emphasis on the time. Both Oysa yağmurluk dün çantandaydı and Oysa dün yağmurluk çantandaydı are fine.

What does -ydı stand for in çantandaydı? Can I write idi separately?

-ydı is the fused form of idi (was) after a vowel; the y is a buffer consonant. You can write it separately (çantanda idi), but the fused form (çantandaydı) is more common in modern writing.

Any pronunciation tips for yağmurluk and kapüşonunu?

In yağmurluk, ğ lengthens the preceding vowel; it isn’t a hard g. ş is like English sh, ç like ch, ü is a front rounded vowel (like German ü), and ı is the dotless i (a close, central vowel).

Why is there a comma between the two clauses?

They’re two coordinated past statements under a single contrast set up by oysa. A comma is standard; a semicolon or a period would also be acceptable stylistically.

What does the suffix -luk contribute in yağmurluk?

-luk/-lük often forms nouns meaning “thing for/related to X.” yağmur (rain) + -luk → “rain-wear,” i.e., raincoat.