Det var otur att bussen var sen, men hon hann ändå fram.

Here det is a dummy subject, like it in English expressions such as It was unlucky that...

So:

• Det var otur ... = It was bad luck / That was unlucky ...

The det does not refer to a specific object. It is just there because Swedish usually wants a subject in the sentence.

In this sentence, otur is used as an uncountable idea: bad luck.

So:

• Det var otur = It was bad luck / That was unlucky

Using en otur would sound different, more like a piece/case of bad luck, and it is not the natural choice here.

This is similar to English:

• It was bad luck sounds natural
• It was a bad luck is not natural English

Here att means that.

So:

• Det var otur att bussen var sen = It was unlucky that the bus was late

In English, that is often omitted:

• It was unlucky (that) the bus was late

In Swedish, att is normally kept in this kind of sentence.

Because att bussen var sen is a subordinate clause.

In Swedish, subordinate clauses do not use the normal main-clause verb-second pattern. Instead, the word order is usually:

• subject + verb

So:

• att bussen var sen = that the bus was late

Compare:

• Main clause: Bussen var sen
• Subordinate clause: ... att bussen var sen

The order stays bussen var.

Because sen agrees with bussen, which is a common-gender singular noun.

Swedish adjective forms here are:

• en buss är sen
• ett tåg är sent
• bussarna är sena

So:

• bussen = common gender singular definite
• therefore: sen

If it were tåget instead, you would say:

• tåget var sent = the train was late

Hann is the past tense of hinna.

Hinna means something like:

• to have enough time to
• to manage to in time
• to make it

So in this sentence:

• hon hann ändå fram = she still made it / still got there in time

This verb is very common in Swedish and often expresses the idea of succeeding because there was enough time.

Examples:

• Jag hann inte äta. = I didn’t have time to eat.
• Vi hann med tåget. = We caught the train / made the train in time.

Good question. Hinna is often followed by an infinitive:

• hon hann komma fram = she managed to arrive / she made it there

But in Swedish, the infinitive can sometimes be left out when the meaning is obvious.

So:

• hon hann fram
• hon hann komma fram

both make sense, and hann fram is very natural.

The shorter version is especially common when fram already gives the idea of reaching the destination.

Ändå here means:

• still
• anyway
• nevertheless

It shows a contrast with the first part of the sentence:

• The bus was late
• but she still made it

So:

• men hon hann ändå fram = but she still made it / but she got there anyway

Literally, fram often means something like forward or to the front, but in many expressions it has a more idiomatic meaning.

In hinna fram, it means:

• to arrive
• to get there
• to make it to the destination

So:

• hon hann fram = she made it there / she arrived in time

This is a very common combination in Swedish.

Because in a Swedish main clause, the finite verb usually comes in second position.

Here the subject comes first:

• hon = first element
• hann = second element

Then adverbs like ändå usually come after the finite verb:

• hon hann ändå fram

This is standard Swedish word order.

You can move ändå for emphasis in some contexts, but the neutral version here is:

• hon hann ändå fram

Men means but and connects two main clauses:

• Det var otur att bussen var sen
• men hon hann ändå fram

So the sentence contrasts two ideas:

1. something negative happened
2. the result was still okay

After men, Swedish continues with normal main-clause word order. That is why you get:

• men hon hann ändå fram

not a subordinate-clause pattern.

Yes. Even if the meaning stays the same, there are several natural English versions:

• It was unlucky that the bus was late, but she still made it.
• It was bad luck that the bus was late, but she got there anyway.
• The bus being late was unfortunate, but she still made it in time.

That is useful to know because Swedish often maps to more than one natural English phrasing.