Jag har lagt mina glasögon någonstans i köket, men jag hittar dem inte.

Har lagt is the present perfect of lägga (to put / to lay).

• Jag har lagt mina glasögon ... = I have put my glasses ...
• Jag lade mina glasögon ... = I put my glasses ...

Swedish often uses the present perfect when a past action matters now. In this sentence, the speaker put the glasses somewhere earlier, and the result is important in the present: they still do not know where the glasses are.

So har lagt sounds very natural here because the past action connects directly to the current problem.

Lagt is the supine form of the verb lägga.

A few important forms are:

• infinitive: lägga
• present: lägger
• past: lade
• supine: lagt

In Swedish, the supine is used with har and hade to form perfect tenses:

• Jag har lagt = I have put
• Jag hade lagt = I had put

This is different from English, where we usually just talk about a past participle. In Swedish grammar, the form after har is specifically called the supine.

Because glasögon is treated as a plural-only noun in Swedish, just like glasses in English.

You do not normally say one glasögon for one object. Even though it is one physical item, Swedish treats it grammatically as plural.

So:

• mina glasögon = my glasses
• de här glasögonen = these glasses

That is why the possessive is mina and later the pronoun is dem (them), not a singular form.

Because dem is the object form of the pronoun, while de is the subject form.

• De hittar mig. = They find me.
• Jag hittar dem inte. = I do not find them.

In your sentence, glasögon is what the speaker cannot find, so it is the object, and Swedish uses dem.

A useful quick rule:

• de = they
• dem = them

In modern spoken Swedish, both are usually pronounced dom, but in writing the distinction de/dem is normally kept.

This is about Swedish word order in a main clause.

In a normal main clause, the finite verb usually comes early, and inte often comes after the verb. With object pronouns like dem, the pronoun often comes before inte:

• Jag hittar dem inte. = I can’t find them.

That word order is very natural in Swedish.

Compare:

• Jag hittar inte glasögonen.
• Jag hittar dem inte.

When the object is a full noun phrase (glasögonen), inte often comes before it.
When the object is a short pronoun (dem), the pronoun often comes before inte.

Yes, absolutely.

• Jag hittar dem inte = I am not finding them / I can’t find them
• Jag kan inte hitta dem = I cannot find them

Both are natural. The version with kan inte can sound a little more explicitly like am unable to, while hittar dem inte is very idiomatic and common in everyday Swedish.

In this sentence, jag hittar dem inte sounds very normal and conversational.

Någonstans means somewhere.

So:

• någonstans i köket = somewhere in the kitchen

It tells us that the speaker knows the glasses are in the kitchen, but not exactly where.

You may also hear the more informal spoken/spelled form:

• nånstans

That is common in speech and informal writing, but någonstans is the standard full form.

Because i means in, and here the idea is that the glasses are in the kitchen.

• i köket = in the kitchen

Swedish often uses i for being inside a room or enclosed space:

• i huset = in the house
• i bilen = in the car
• i köket = in the kitchen

Using på here would usually sound wrong, because a kitchen is not thought of as a surface.

Because köket is the definite form of kök.

• ett kök = a kitchen
• köket = the kitchen

Swedish often puts the at the end of the noun as a suffix. In this sentence, the speaker means a specific kitchen, not just any kitchen, so köket is correct.

So:

• i ett kök = in a kitchen
• i köket = in the kitchen

Because men simply joins two main clauses:

• Jag har lagt mina glasögon någonstans i köket
• men jag hittar dem inte

After men, Swedish starts a new main clause, so the normal main-clause order appears again:

• jag hittar ...

There is no automatic inversion just because men is there.

Compare:

• Jag är trött, men jag jobbar ändå.
• Han kom tidigt, men han stannade inte länge.

Lägga is a very natural choice for putting something down, especially something like glasses.

Basic idea:

• lägga = lay/put down
• ställa = set/stand upright
• sätta = set/place, often involving sitting/positioning, and also used in many special expressions

For glasses, lägga is very common because you usually put them down flat on a surface.

So Jag har lagt mina glasögon ... sounds very natural.

In normal everyday use, yes, it behaves like a plural noun, much like English glasses.

Examples:

• Mina glasögon är nya. = My glasses are new.
• Var är dina glasögon? = Where are your glasses?

If you want to talk about a pair of glasses, you can say:

• ett par glasögon

But the noun itself is still glasögon, not a regular singular form.

Yes, a little, but the version in your sentence is very natural.

• Jag har lagt mina glasögon någonstans i köket. = very natural
• Jag har lagt mina glasögon i köket någonstans. = also possible, slightly different rhythm/emphasis

The original version flows well because någonstans i köket works as one unit: somewhere in the kitchen.

Mina is the possessive adjective meaning my for a plural noun.

Compare:

• min bok = my book
• mitt hus = my house
• mina glasögon = my glasses

Swedish possessives agree with the noun’s grammatical form:

• min for common gender singular
• mitt for neuter singular
• mina for plural

Since glasögon is plural, mina is required.

In speech, you might hear something like:

• Jag har lagt mina glasögon nånstans i köket, men jag hittar dom inte.

What changed?

• någonstans → nånstans or nånstans in casual speech
• dem is pronounced dom, and many people also write dom informally

But in standard writing, your original sentence is perfectly correct:

• Jag har lagt mina glasögon någonstans i köket, men jag hittar dem inte.