Vi måste visa respekt för andra människors gränser, särskilt när någon är trött.

Because måste is a modal verb. In Swedish, modal verbs are followed by the bare infinitive:

• vi måste visa
• jag kan komma
• du vill äta

So vi måste visa is correct, while vi måste att visa is not.

Måste can cover both must and have to in English. It expresses strong necessity or obligation.

In a sentence like this, it means something like:

• we must show respect
• we have to show respect

Swedish does not make the same neat distinction that English sometimes does between must and have to.

Visa respekt is a very common Swedish expression and literally means show respect. It focuses on how respect is demonstrated in behavior.

Swedish also has respektera, but the two are not always used in exactly the same way:

• visa respekt för andra människors gränser = a very natural way to talk about behaving respectfully toward others' boundaries
• respektera andra människors gränser = also possible, and very common

So this sentence uses an idiomatic and natural collocation.

Because respekt commonly takes the preposition för when you say what or whom the respect is directed toward.

Examples:

• respekt för andra
• respekt för regler
• respekt för naturen

So visa respekt för andra människors gränser is the normal pattern. English speakers often want to map prepositions directly, but here it is best to learn respekt för as a set phrase.

This is a possessive construction.

• andra = other
• människor = people
• människors = people's (genitive form)

So:

• andra människors gränser = other people's boundaries

A few useful points:

• Swedish usually forms the genitive by adding -s
• there is no apostrophe
• the whole phrase before the final noun acts like a possessor

So andra människors is very close to English other people's.

Yes. Andras gränser is perfectly natural and means others' boundaries.

There is a slight difference in feel:

• andras gränser = shorter, more compact
• andra människors gränser = more explicit, a bit fuller, sometimes slightly more formal or careful in tone

Both are good Swedish.

For two different reasons:

• respekt is an abstract noun, and abstract nouns often appear without an article in Swedish
• gränser is an indefinite plural, and Swedish indefinite plurals usually do not take an article

Compare:

• visa respekt
• ha tålamod
• respektera gränser
• gränserna = the boundaries if you want the definite form

So the lack of an article here is completely normal.

Yes, it is the same word, but here it means personal boundaries or limits, not geographic borders.

Gräns can mean:

• a border
• a limit
• a boundary

In this sentence, the context clearly points to emotional, social, or personal boundaries.

Särskilt is an adverb meaning especially, particularly, or in particular.

It adds emphasis:

• We should respect people's boundaries in general,
• especially when someone is tired.

So it narrows the focus to a situation where that respect is even more important.

Yes, adverbs like särskilt can often move around, though the rhythm and emphasis may change.

For example:

• Vi måste visa respekt för andra människors gränser, särskilt när någon är trött.
• Särskilt när någon är trött måste vi visa respekt för andra människors gränser.

Both are grammatical. The original version sounds very natural and places the extra emphasis at the end.

Because när here introduces a subordinate clause, not a main-clause question.

In Swedish subordinate clauses, the normal order is:

• subject + verb

So:

• när någon är trött = correct

But:

• När är någon trött? = a main-clause question meaning When is someone tired?

This is an important Swedish word-order pattern: subordinate clauses do not use the same inversion pattern as main clauses.

Here någon means someone or anyone in a general, non-specific sense.

It does not point to one particular person. Instead, it means something like:

• when someone is tired
• when a person is tired
• when anyone is tired

So the sentence is making a general statement about how we should behave.

Because någon is singular, and the adjective agrees with a singular subject here.

So:

• någon är trött = singular
• människor är trötta = plural

Compare:

• Han är trött.
• Hon är trött.
• De är trötta.

So trött is the correct form with någon.

Not absolutely. Swedish comma usage is often a bit more flexible than English comma usage.

Here, the comma helps mark a pause and sets off the added comment:

• Vi måste visa respekt för andra människors gränser, särskilt när någon är trött.

Many writers would keep the comma because it reads smoothly that way. In some contexts, it could also be omitted without changing the meaning very much.