Abonamos is the first person plural form of abonar:
So abonamos means we fertilize or, depending on context, we fertilized.
It can mean either one, because for regular -ar verbs, the nosotros form is the same in the present and the preterite:
You tell the difference from context.
In this sentence, en primavera strongly suggests a habitual/general meaning, so learners will usually understand it as:
Spanish often uses the simple present for:
So Abonamos el geranio en primavera sounds like a usual practice: something we do in spring.
If you wanted to stress an action happening right now, Spanish would more naturally use:
But with en primavera, the sentence sounds much more like a habit than an action in progress.
Spanish uses the definite article very often, sometimes more often than English does.
El geranio can mean:
Using un geranio would mean a geranium, introducing it as a less specific plant.
So el geranio is perfectly normal here.
Because el geranio is a direct object and it is a thing, not a person.
Spanish uses the personal a mainly with specific people (and sometimes animals), for example:
But with plants and objects, you normally do not use that a:
So *abonamos al geranio would not be correct here.
With seasons, Spanish often uses en + season without the article, especially in expressions of time:
So en primavera is the most natural general form here.
You may also hear en la primavera, but that usually sounds more specific, more literary, or more tied to a particular spring in context. For a general seasonal habit, en primavera is the standard choice.
Yes. Spanish word order is fairly flexible.
The original order:
A very natural alternative is:
Both are correct. The difference is mainly focus:
Yes, people would understand fertilizamos, but abonamos is especially natural in gardening contexts.
Very roughly:
In everyday Spanish from Spain, abonar is a very normal verb for plants and gardening.
No. As a dictionary verb, abonar has several meanings. Common ones include:
So learners should not memorize it with only one meaning. The context tells you which meaning is intended. In a sentence with el geranio and en primavera, the gardening meaning is the one that fits.
Most likely a repeated or habitual action.
Because of en primavera, the sentence sounds like something people generally do every spring, not just a one-time event. That is why English often translates it with a habitual present:
If the speaker meant one finished event in the past, the sentence would usually need more context to make that clear.