Todos votaron en la junta.

Here todos is being used as a pronoun, and it means everyone / all of them.

In English, we often say everyone voted. In Spanish, todos votaron is a very natural way to say that.

A few useful notes:

• todos = a mixed group or a group of males, or a general group when gender is not specified
• todas = an all-female group

So if the group were only women, you would say Todas votaron en la junta.

Because todo and todos do different jobs.

• todo = everything or whole
• todos = everyone / all (people)

So:

• Todo salió bien = Everything went well
• Todos votaron = Everyone voted

Since the sentence is talking about people, todos is the correct form.

Votaron is the preterite (simple past) form of votar.

It is:

• third person plural
• from the verb votar = to vote

Conjugation in the preterite:

• yo voté
• tú votaste
• él/ella votó
• nosotros votamos
• vosotros votasteis
• ellos/ellas votaron

So votaron means they voted.

In this sentence, because todos is the subject, votaron means everyone voted.

Because Spanish is not using a singular word like everyone here. It is using todos, which is grammatically plural.

So Spanish treats it as:

• Todos = all of them
• therefore the verb must also be plural: votaron

That is why you do not say Todos votó.

Yes. Spanish often drops subjects when the verb already makes the person clear.

So:

• Todos votaron en la junta = Everyone voted at the meeting
• Votaron en la junta = They voted at the meeting

The version with todos makes it explicit and often adds emphasis: everyone voted, not just some people.

In this sentence, junta most naturally means meeting.

Depending on context, junta can also refer to:

• a board
• a committee
• a council
• an assembly

But in everyday use, especially in a sentence like this, en la junta is often understood as at the meeting or in the meeting.

So the exact English translation depends on the situation.

Because en here means in / at the meeting.

• en la junta = at the meeting / in the meeting
• a la junta usually suggests movement to the meeting or sometimes reference to a board/committee as an institution

Examples:

• Votaron en la junta = They voted at the meeting
• Fueron a la junta = They went to the meeting

So en is used because the voting happened within that event or setting.

La is the definite article: the.

So la junta means the meeting. It suggests that the speaker and listener already know which meeting is being talked about.

Compare:

• en la junta = at the meeting (a specific one)
• en una junta = at a meeting (any meeting, not a specific one)

In Spain Spanish, the j in junta is pronounced with a strong throaty sound, not like the English j in job.

A rough guide:

• junta sounds approximately like HOON-ta, but with a harsher h/ch sound made further back in the mouth

Also:

• the u is like oo in food
• the stress is on the first syllable: JUN-ta

So: JUN-ta

Not usually. In Spanish, b and v are pronounced very similarly, and in most accents they are effectively the same sound.

So votaron does not sound like English vote with a strong v.

It is closer to:

• bo-ta-RON / vo-ta-RON, with a Spanish sound that is between English b and v

For learners, the important thing is:

• do not exaggerate the English v
• use a soft Spanish b/v sound instead

Yes, that is possible, but it changes the tense.

• Todos votaron en la junta = preterite, a completed past action
• Todos han votado en la junta = present perfect, everyone has voted at the meeting

In Spain Spanish, the present perfect is often used for recent past events, especially when they are connected to the present time frame. The preterite is more straightforward as a finished past event.

So both are grammatical, but votaron is the simpler past statement.

Usually the most natural English version is Everyone voted at the meeting.

A more literal breakdown is:

• Todos = all / everyone
• votaron = voted
• en la junta = in/at the meeting

English usually prefers everyone rather than all by itself in this kind of sentence, so Everyone voted at the meeting sounds the most natural in many contexts.