In Spanish, a possessive adjective like mi, tu, su, nuestro normally replaces the article.
So Spanish says:
not:
This is different from English, but it is the normal pattern in Spanish.
In Spanish, many adjectives often come after the noun they describe.
So:
This is the normal word order for a descriptive adjective.
If you put the adjective before the noun, it can sound more emotional, subjective, or literary:
In everyday neutral Spanish, mi hermano pequeño is the usual choice.
It can mean either, depending on context.
Very often, hermano pequeño means younger brother, especially in ordinary family talk. But it can also literally suggest that he is physically small.
If you want to be more specifically about age, Spanish also uses:
In everyday speech, though, mi hermano pequeño is very common.
Yes, sometimes.
The Spanish present tense can often translate into English as either:
depending on context.
So Mi hermano pequeño trabaja en la ciudad usually means My little/younger brother works in the city as a general fact or habit.
If the context were about what he is doing right now, Spanish might still use trabaja, but very often it would use:
So this sentence most naturally sounds like a general statement.
Because Spanish often drops subject pronouns when they are not needed.
The verb ending already tells you the person:
So Spanish normally says:
rather than:
You can add él for emphasis, contrast, or clarity, but it is not necessary here.
Because en is used for location: being or happening in a place.
By contrast, a is usually used for movement toward a place:
So here, since the sentence is about where he works, en is the correct preposition.
Because la ciudad suggests a specific or understood place, or simply the city as a known environment.
With trabaja en la ciudad, the idea is usually:
If you said trabaja en una ciudad, it would mean he works in a city, which is less specific.
A rough Spain Spanish pronunciation would be:
A few useful points for Spain:
So ciudad in Spain sounds roughly like thyoo-THATH or thyoo-DHATH, depending on the speaker.