Antes de limpiar la pantalla, voy a desconectar el portátil del enchufe.

Because antes de + infinitive is the normal pattern when Spanish says before doing something.

• antes de limpiar = before cleaning
• antes de salir = before leaving
• antes de comer = before eating

Antes que exists, but it is used differently and is much less common in this kind of sentence. Here, antes de + infinitive is the standard structure.

Because it comes after the preposition de in the structure antes de + infinitive.

In Spanish, after a preposition, you often use the infinitive when the action is general or when the subject is understood:

• antes de estudiar
• después de comer
• sin hablar

So antes de limpiar la pantalla literally follows the pattern before cleaning the screen.

Both are possible, but they feel a little different.

• voy a desconectar = I’m going to unplug/disconnect
• desconectaré = I will unplug/disconnect

In everyday spoken Spanish, ir a + infinitive is very common for a planned or immediate future action. It often sounds more natural and conversational than the simple future.

So here:

• voy a desconectar el portátil sounds like a normal spoken plan
• desconectaré el portátil is also correct, but can sound a bit more formal, deliberate, or less conversational depending on context

Here, desconectar el portátil del enchufe means to disconnect/unplug the laptop from the socket.

There is some overlap with desenchufar:

• desenchufar = to unplug
• desconectar = to disconnect

In this sentence, desconectar ... del enchufe clearly means physically unplugging it from the power source.

A native speaker might also say:

• Voy a desenchufar el portátil

That is often a very natural alternative.
Desconectar is slightly broader, because you can disconnect many things, not just plugs.

Because del is the contraction of de + el.

• de + el = del

So:

• del enchufe = from the socket/outlet

This contraction is required in Spanish, except with proper names or certain set expressions.

For example:

• vengo del trabajo
• sale del coche

But:

• de El Escorial stays separate, because El Escorial is a name

In Spain, enchufe usually means plug socket / power outlet, and sometimes it can also refer to the plug itself depending on context.

In this sentence, del enchufe is understood as from the wall socket / outlet.

In Spain, common electricity-related words include:

• enchufe = socket / outlet
• enchufar = to plug in
• desenchufar = to unplug

So el portátil del enchufe means the laptop is being disconnected from the power outlet.

Yes. In Spain, portátil very commonly means laptop.

It is really a shortened form of ordenador portátil:

• ordenador = computer
• portátil = portable

So ordenador portátil = portable computer / laptop, and in everyday speech people often just say el portátil.

It is masculine because the full noun behind it is ordenador, which is masculine.

Spanish often uses the definite article (el, la, los, las) where English might use a possessive like my, your, or the, especially when the owner is obvious from context.

Here, la pantalla simply means the screen, and we understand it is the laptop’s screen or the relevant screen in the situation.

Spanish prefers this kind of wording very often:

• Me duele la cabeza = My head hurts
• Lávate las manos = Wash your hands
• limpiar la pantalla = clean the screen

So la pantalla sounds natural because the specific screen is already clear from context.

Yes. That is very normal in Spanish.

With antes de + infinitive, the subject is often not stated explicitly, and it is understood from context. In this sentence, the person saying voy a desconectar is almost certainly also the person who will clean the screen.

So the meaning is naturally understood as:

• Before cleaning the screen, I’m going to unplug the laptop
• or more explicitly, Before I clean the screen, I’m going to unplug the laptop

Spanish often leaves this kind of subject implicit when it is obvious.

Because Antes de limpiar la pantalla is an introductory clause placed before the main clause.

So the sentence has this structure:

• Antes de limpiar la pantalla, = introductory time clause
• voy a desconectar el portátil del enchufe. = main clause

In writing, that comma is very natural and helps readability. If you reverse the order, you would usually not need it:

• Voy a desconectar el portátil del enchufe antes de limpiar la pantalla.

Both versions are correct.

Yes, that is grammatically correct.

It would mean the same basic thing, but it sounds a little different:

• voy a desconectar = more immediate, conversational, everyday spoken Spanish
• desconectaré = simple future, slightly more formal or more neutral in tone depending on context

So both are fine, but voy a desconectar is especially common in normal speech.

Because the thing being affected is the laptop, not the socket.

Spanish is expressing:

• the object: el portátil
• the source it is being separated from: del enchufe

So the structure is:

• desconectar algo de algo = disconnect something from something

Examples:

• desconectar el móvil del cargador
• desconectar la televisión de la corriente

In this sentence, the laptop is being disconnected from the outlet, so el portátil del enchufe is the natural pattern.