No tienes la culpa.

Because tienes is the second person singular form of tener in the present tense, used with tú:

• (tú) tienes = you have

Spanish often leaves out the subject pronoun, so No tienes la culpa really means:

• (Tú) no tienes la culpa

If you were speaking more formally, you would say:

• No tiene la culpa = You’re not to blame / It’s not your fault (formal usted)

Spanish often omits subject pronouns when they are clear from the verb form. Since tienes already tells us the subject is tú, the pronoun is unnecessary.

So both of these mean the same thing:

• Tú no tienes la culpa
• No tienes la culpa

Including tú can add emphasis, but it is not normally required.

Literally, tener la culpa means to have the blame or to have the fault.

But in natural English, it usually means:

• to be to blame
• to be at fault

So:

• No tienes la culpa = literally You do not have the blame
• natural English: It’s not your fault / You’re not to blame

This is a very common Spanish expression, so it is best learned as a set phrase.

Because in this expression, Spanish normally uses the definite article:

• tener la culpa

This is idiomatic. Spanish often uses articles in places where English does not.

So you say:

• Tiene la culpa = He/She is to blame
• No tengo la culpa = It’s not my fault

Saying No tienes culpa is not the usual standard phrasing here. The normal expression is tener la culpa.

Because Spanish does not usually say your fault in this expression. It says the fault/blame:

• No tienes la culpa = literally You don’t have the blame

Spanish uses the article la, not a possessive like tu, because the structure is idiomatic.

English says:

• It’s not your fault

Spanish commonly says:

• No tienes la culpa
• No es culpa tuya

Both are natural, but they are built differently.

They are very close in meaning, but they are structured differently.

• No tienes la culpa = You’re not to blame
• No es tu culpa = It’s not your fault

Both are common and natural. The first focuses a bit more on the person not being blameworthy; the second focuses more on the situation not being that person’s fault.

Also very common is:

• No es culpa tuya = It’s not your fault

That version sounds especially natural in Spanish.

They are similar, but not identical.

• No tienes la culpa = It’s not your fault / You’re not to blame
• No eres culpable = You are not guilty / You are not culpable

Culpable can sound stronger, more formal, or more legal, depending on context. It may suggest guilt or responsibility in a more serious sense.

In everyday reassurance, No tienes la culpa is usually the more natural phrase.

Culpa can mean:

• fault
• blame
• guilt, depending on context

In No tienes la culpa, the most natural meaning is fault or blame.

Examples:

• Fue culpa mía = It was my fault
• La culpa no es tuya = It’s not your fault
• Echar la culpa a alguien = to blame someone

So culpa is a flexible noun, and the exact English translation depends on context.

Because in Spanish, standard negation is formed by putting no directly before the verb:

• No tienes = You do not have

This is the normal pattern:

• No hablo = I don’t speak
• No quiere = He/She doesn’t want
• No somos = We aren’t

So No tienes la culpa follows a very basic Spanish word order for negatives.

Yes. Tú no tienes la culpa is correct.

Adding tú may:

• give emphasis
• make the sentence feel more direct
• help contrast with someone else

For example:

• Tú no tienes la culpa; la tengo yo. = It’s not your fault; it’s mine.

But in ordinary speech, No tienes la culpa is usually enough.

You change the verb form depending on who you are speaking to.

• No tienes la culpa = informal singular (tú)
• No tiene la culpa = formal singular (usted)
• No tenéis la culpa = informal plural in Spain (vosotros)
• No tienen la culpa = formal plural in Spain (ustedes) and general plural in Latin America

Since you asked about Spanish from Spain, vosotros is important there:

• No tenéis la culpa = It’s not your fault (to more than one person, informal)

Yes. Tienes is the present tense of tener.

Spanish often uses the present tense here even when English translates it more naturally as:

• It’s not your fault
• You’re not to blame

The present tense works because it describes the current situation or judgment: right now, the person is not responsible.

If you wanted to refer specifically to a past event, you might hear:

• No tuviste la culpa = It wasn’t your fault
• No fue culpa tuya = It wasn’t your fault

In standard Spanish from Spain, culpa is pronounced roughly like:

• KOOL-pa

More precisely:

• cul sounds like cool but shorter
• pa sounds like pah
• the stress is on the first syllable: CUL-pa

And the full sentence:

• No tienes la culpa

is roughly:

• noh tee-EH-nes lah KOOL-pah

The u in culpa is pronounced; it is not silent.

Yes, very common. It is one of the most natural ways to reassure someone that they are not responsible for something.

You might say it when:

• someone feels guilty
• something went wrong
• you want to comfort someone
• you want to remove blame

Examples:

• No tienes la culpa de lo que pasó. = It’s not your fault what happened.
• No tienes la culpa de nada. = None of this is your fault.

So this is a very useful everyday expression to learn as a whole chunk.