El desagüe de la ducha se ha atascado otra vez y el agua no baja.

Desagüe means drain or drain outlet. In this sentence, it refers to the shower drain.

It is pronounced roughly deh-sah-GWEH.

A useful spelling point: the ü matters. In güe, the u is pronounced. Without the two dots, the pronunciation would be different. So desagüe is not de-sa-ge but de-sa-gwe.

Spanish often uses noun + de + noun where English uses a noun as an adjective.

So:

• el desagüe de la ducha = the drain of the shower = the shower drain
• la puerta de la casa = the house door
• el agua del grifo = the tap water

This is one of the most common structural differences between English and Spanish.

Here, se is part of the verb atascarse, which means to get clogged, to get blocked, or to get jammed.

Compare these:

• atascar algo = to clog/block something
• atascarse = to get clogged/blocked

So:

• He atascado el desagüe = I have clogged the drain
• El desagüe se ha atascado = The drain has gotten clogged

In this sentence, the drain is not doing the action to something else. It is undergoing the change itself, so Spanish uses the pronominal form atascarse.

Because after haber, the past participle does not agree with the noun.

So in compound tenses:

• se ha atascado
• se había atascado
• se habrá atascado

The participle stays the same.

This is different from using estar:

• El desagüe está atascado
• La tubería está atascada

With estar, atascado/atascada works like an adjective and agrees in gender and number. With haber, it does not.

In Spain, the present perfect is very commonly used for recent events or events that still matter now.

So se ha atascado otra vez suggests:

• it happened recently
• and the result is still relevant now

That fits the situation perfectly, because the drain is still clogged and the water is not draining.

In much of Latin America, people would very often say se atascó otra vez instead. In Spain, se ha atascado sounds especially natural.

Yes. Both are possible, but they focus on different things:

• se ha atascado = it has become clogged / it got clogged
• está atascado = it is clogged

So:

• se ha atascado focuses on the event or change
• está atascado focuses on the current state

In real life, a speaker might say either one depending on what they want to emphasize. You could even hear both ideas together, for example:

• El desagüe se ha atascado y ahora está atascado del todo

Otra vez means again.

It shows that this is not the first time the drain has clogged. It has happened before.

Its position here is very natural:

• se ha atascado otra vez

You may also hear:

• otra vez se ha atascado
• se ha vuelto a atascar

That last one is another very common way to say has gotten clogged again.

Agua is feminine, but in the singular it usually takes el instead of la when the stressed sound is a at the beginning of the word.

So:

• el agua
• el águila
• el aula

This is done for pronunciation reasons, to avoid the awkward sequence la agua.

But the noun is still feminine, so adjectives stay feminine:

• el agua fría
• el agua limpia

And in the plural, it goes back to the normal feminine article:

• las aguas

Yes, it sounds natural.

Bajar literally means to go down, and with water in a sink, shower, or toilet, it often means to go down the drain or to drain away.

So el agua no baja means the water is not going down, which naturally implies that it is not draining.

In this kind of everyday situation, Spanish often uses simple movement verbs like this:

• El agua no baja
• El nivel no baja
• La fiebre no baja

A more explicit version would be something like el agua no se va or el agua no desagua, but no baja is very idiomatic and natural.

Yes, if the context is clear.

Spanish often omits subjects when they are understood. So in a bathroom situation, someone could simply say:

• No baja

and people would understand that the water is not draining.

In your sentence, el agua is included for clarity and emphasis. It makes the second part very explicit:

• the drain is clogged again
• and the water is not going down

So both are possible, but el agua no baja is fuller and clearer.

Because the two ideas are closely connected:

• the drain has clogged again
• and the water is not going down

The second part is basically the consequence of the first, so linking them with y sounds very natural.

You could split them into two sentences, but the version with y feels smooth and conversational:

• El desagüe de la ducha se ha atascado otra vez y el agua no baja.

It sounds like a normal thing someone would say at home when describing the problem.