El bancal pertenece a la parcela.

Because Spanish nouns have grammatical gender.

• bancal is masculine, so it takes el
• parcela is feminine, so it takes la

So:

• el bancal
• la parcela

This does not necessarily mean anything about biological sex. It is just part of how Spanish grammar works, and adjectives/articles must agree with the noun.

Pertenecer a means to belong to.

The verb is pertenecer, but it is normally used with the preposition a:

• pertenecer a alguien = to belong to someone
• pertenecer a algo = to belong to something

So:

• El bancal pertenece a la parcela = the terrace/plot section belongs to the parcel

You cannot usually leave out the a here. It is part of the verb pattern, just like to belong to in English needs to.

Because pertenece is the conjugated form, while pertenecer is the infinitive.

In this sentence, the subject is el bancal, which is third person singular, so the verb must match it:

• yo pertenezco
• tú perteneces
• él/ella pertenece
• nosotros pertenecemos
• vosotros pertenecéis
• ellos pertenecen

So el bancal pertenece means the bancal belongs.

It is mostly regular, but it has a spelling change in the yo form:

• yo pertenezco

This happens because many verbs ending in -ecer add zc before o in the first person singular.

The rest of the present tense is regular:

• tú perteneces
• él/ella pertenece
• nosotros pertenecemos
• vosotros pertenecéis
• ellos pertenecen

So in your sentence, pertenece is a normal third-person singular form.

These words refer to different kinds of land units.

• parcela usually means a plot of land or parcel
• bancal often refers to a terraced section of land, especially in agriculture, or a strip/level of cultivated ground

So the sentence suggests that the bancal is a smaller or more specific piece that forms part of, or legally belongs to, the parcela.

Depending on the region and context, bancal can feel more agricultural and somewhat specialized.

Not usually in the same sense.

• pertenece a = belongs to
• es de = is of / is from / is made of / belongs to, depending on context

For ownership, es de can sometimes work:

• Este libro es de Ana = This book belongs to Ana

But with land terminology like this, pertenece a sounds clearer and more natural if you want to express formal belonging or inclusion within a property.

So El bancal pertenece a la parcela is the better choice here.

Yes, but the normal and most neutral order is:

• El bancal pertenece a la parcela

Spanish word order is fairly flexible, but changes often affect emphasis.

For example:

• A la parcela pertenece el bancal = more marked, perhaps literary or emphasizing a la parcela
• Pertenece a la parcela el bancal = also possible, but less natural in everyday speech

For a learner, the original order is the safest and most natural.

Yes, in this sentence they sound natural and expected.

Spanish uses definite articles more often than English. When talking about specific known things, Spanish generally keeps the article:

• el bancal
• la parcela

If you removed them, the sentence would sound incomplete or unnatural in most normal contexts.

The plural would be:

• Los bancales pertenecen a las parcelas.

Changes:

• el → los
• bancal → bancales
• pertenece → pertenecen
• la → las
• parcela → parcelas

Everything has to agree in number.

In Spain Spanish, bancal is pronounced approximately ban-KAL.

A rough guide:

• ban as in bahn (not exactly English ban)
• cal with the stress on this last syllable

Because it ends in a consonant other than n or s, the stress naturally falls on the last syllable:

• ban-CAL

Parcela is pronounced roughly par-THE-la in much of Spain, because c before e is often pronounced like th in think in standard Peninsular Spanish. In many other varieties of Spanish, it would sound more like par-SE-la.

It sounds somewhat technical or agricultural, mainly because of the nouns bancal and parcela.

The grammar is completely normal, but the vocabulary is specific to land, farming, or property description. You might see or hear it in:

• land registry contexts
• farming discussions
• property descriptions
• legal or administrative documents

So the sentence is natural, but not especially everyday unless you are talking about land.