После ужина я вымыл половник и тёрку и убрал их в шкаф.

Because после requires the genitive case.

• Dictionary form: ужин = dinner
• After после: после ужина = after dinner

This is a very common pattern in Russian:

• после работы = after work
• после урока = after the lesson
• после фильма = after the film

So после ужина is just the normal case form required by the preposition.

They are both direct objects, so they are in the accusative case, but they belong to different noun types.

• половник is a masculine inanimate noun
• тёрка is a feminine noun ending in -а

For masculine inanimate nouns, the accusative singular is usually the same as the nominative:

• половник → половник

For feminine nouns in -а, the accusative singular usually changes -а to -у:

• тёрка → тёрку

So:

• я вымыл половник
• я вымыл тёрку

Both are accusative, but the endings look different because the nouns decline differently.

Because the sentence describes completed actions, so Russian uses the perfective aspect.

• мыть = to wash, to be washing, to wash in a general/process sense

• вымыть = to wash completely / wash up

• убирать = to put away / tidy up / be putting away
• убрать = to put away completely / finish putting away

Here the speaker is telling us what they did after dinner as a finished sequence:

1. washed the ladle and grater
2. put them away in the cupboard

That is why the perfective past forms are natural:

• вымыл
• убрал

If you used мыл or убирал, it would sound more like talking about the process, repetition, or background action rather than a single completed result.

Yes, in translation it often just means washed, but the prefix вы- adds the idea of doing the action through to completion.

So:

• мыл = was washing / washed
• вымыл = washed completely, got clean

In many everyday contexts, English does not show this distinction clearly, so both may simply be translated as washed. But in Russian, aspect matters a lot.

In this sentence, вымыл suggests the utensils were washed and the action was finished.

Because их is the form used for them as an object.

Compare:

• они = they
• их = them / their

In this sentence, the ladle and the grater are not the subject. They are the objects of убрал:

• убрал их в шкаф = put them into the cupboard

So они would be wrong here, because они is a subject form.

Because Russian distinguishes between:

• movement into somewhere → в + accusative
• location inside somewhere → в + prepositional

Here the meaning is put them into the cupboard, so it expresses direction/result of movement:

• в шкаф = into the cupboard

Compare:

• Они лежат в шкафу. = They are lying in the cupboard.
  Here it is location, so в шкафу.

This is a very important Russian pattern:

• положить в сумку = put into the bag
• лежать в сумке = lie in the bag

In Russian, past tense agrees with the subject in gender and number.

Here the subject is я, and the speaker is presented as male, so the past tense is masculine singular:

• я вымыл
• я убрал

If the speaker were female, it would be:

• я вымыла
• я убрала

If it were we, then:

• мы вымыли
• мы убрали

So the masculine form here tells you something about the speaker.

Because in Russian, once the subject is clear, it often does not need to be repeated.

So this structure is perfectly normal:

• После ужина я вымыл половник и тёрку и убрал их в шкаф.

The subject я applies to both verbs:

1. я вымыл
2. я убрал

You could repeat я, but it would usually sound unnecessary:

• ...и я убрал их в шкаф

That repetition might be used for emphasis, contrast, or style, but it is not needed in a neutral sentence.

Because the sentence contains two different kinds of coordination:

1. половник и тёрку
   This joins two nouns: the ladle and the grater

2. вымыл ... и убрал ...
   This joins two verbs/actions: washed ... and put away ...

So the two и are doing different jobs in the same sentence:

• first и = links the two objects
• second и = links the two completed actions

This is completely natural in Russian, just as it is in English.

Russian word order is fairly flexible, though the original sentence is very natural and neutral.

The given order:

• После ужина я вымыл половник и тёрку и убрал их в шкаф.

This sounds like:

• time first
• then subject
• then actions in sequence

You can change the order for emphasis, for example:

• Я после ужина вымыл половник и тёрку и убрал их в шкаф.
• Половник и тёрку я вымыл после ужина и убрал их в шкаф.

These are possible, but they shift the focus slightly. For a learner, the original order is a good standard pattern.

The dictionary form is тёрка, with ё.

• тёрка = grater
• тёрку = accusative singular

In many Russian texts, ё is often written as е, so you may sometimes see терку instead of тёрку. However, the pronunciation is still tyórku, not terku.

This matters because ё is always stressed. So here the stress is clear:

• тЁрка
• тЁрку

For learners, it is helpful to remember the ё even if native texts sometimes omit it in writing.