Я написал адрес вручную, потому что принтер не работает.

Написал is the perfective past form, so it presents the action as completed: the address got written.

That fits this sentence well, because the speaker is talking about a finished result.

• я написал адрес = I wrote the address / I have written the address
• я писал адрес would sound more like I was writing the address or I used to write the address, depending on context

So here написал is used because the speaker is referring to one completed act of writing.

The -л is the normal marker of the past tense in Russian.

In the past tense, Russian verbs also show gender and number:

• написал = masculine singular
• написала = feminine singular
• написало = neuter singular
• написали = plural

So Я написал means the speaker is male.
If the speaker were female, it would be:

Я написала адрес вручную, потому что принтер не работает.

It actually is in the case you would expect: the accusative, because it is the direct object of написал.

The reason it looks unchanged is that for many masculine inanimate nouns, the accusative singular is identical to the nominative singular.

So:

• nominative: адрес
• accusative: адрес

That is why you see написал адрес, not a visibly different form.

For comparison:

• я вижу стол → стол also stays the same
• but with an animate masculine noun:
  • я вижу брата
  • nominative: брат
  • accusative: брата

Вручную means by hand, manually, or without using a machine/automatic method.

In this sentence it contrasts naturally with принтер:

• the printer does not work
• so the address was written manually

It is an adverb, so it describes how the action was done.

A close alternative is от руки, which also means by hand. The difference is roughly:

• вручную = manually, not by machine or not automatically
• от руки = by hand, often with emphasis on handwriting

In this sentence, вручную is very natural because the speaker is contrasting manual writing with printing.

Because потому что introduces a subordinate clause.

Russian normally uses a comma to separate the main clause from a subordinate clause:

• Я написал адрес вручную, потому что принтер не работает.

Structure:

• main clause: Я написал адрес вручную
• subordinate clause of reason: потому что принтер не работает

This is standard Russian punctuation.

Yes. In normal English translation, потому что is simply because.

It introduces the reason for something:

• Я написал адрес вручную → what happened
• потому что принтер не работает → why it happened

You may notice that the phrase is made of two words, but learners should treat it as one fixed conjunction meaning because.

Because the two clauses do not have to use the same tense.

• написал = the writing happened in the past
• не работает = the printer is not working

Russian, like English, can combine a past event with a present reason if that is the intended meaning. The sentence suggests something like: the speaker wrote the address by hand, and the printer is currently not functioning.

If you wanted to stress that the printer was not working at that time in the past, you could also say:

Я написал адрес вручную, потому что принтер не работал.

So the tense depends on what time the speaker has in mind for the printer’s condition.

Yes, Russian word order is fairly flexible, although some orders sound more neutral than others.

The given sentence is a very natural, neutral order:

• Я написал адрес вручную, потому что принтер не работает.

You could also say:

• Я вручную написал адрес, потому что принтер не работает.
• Потому что принтер не работает, я написал адрес вручную.

These versions are still understandable, but the emphasis changes:

• putting вручную earlier can highlight the manual method
• starting with Потому что... highlights the reason first

So the original word order is a good standard model, but it is not the only possible one.

Yes, in many contexts you can omit я in Russian if it is already clear who the subject is.

So this is also possible:

Написал адрес вручную, потому что принтер не работает.

However, there is an important nuance:

• with я, the sentence is explicit and neutral
• without я, it can sound more conversational, context-dependent, or a bit like spoken narration

Russian often drops subject pronouns when the verb form and context already make the subject clear, but including я is completely normal too.

Usually, yes. In this kind of sentence, адрес would most naturally mean a mailing or destination address, such as one written on an envelope, package, or form.

Because the sentence mentions a printer, the likely situation is:

• the speaker wanted to print something
• the printer did not work
• so the speaker wrote the address by hand instead

So while адрес can mean address more generally, here it most likely refers to a physical mailing address.