O perito calculou o prejuízo; a seguradora assumiu o risco.

The semicolon links two closely related complete clauses:

• O perito calculou o prejuízo
• a seguradora assumiu o risco

Each part could stand as its own sentence, but the semicolon shows they are strongly connected in meaning. In English, you might also use:

• a semicolon
• a full stop
• sometimes a comma plus and, depending on style

So here it helps present two steps in the same situation: first the expert calculated the loss, then the insurer took on the risk.

Perito means an expert or specialist, especially someone qualified to assess something officially or professionally.

In insurance, legal, or technical contexts, perito often refers to a professional who examines damage, evaluates evidence, or produces an expert assessment. Depending on context, it can sometimes be translated as:

• expert
• assessor
• surveyor
• claims adjuster or loss adjuster in some insurance situations

So it is not just any knowledgeable person; it often has a formal or professional sense.

Yes, Portuguese nouns have grammatical gender, usually masculine or feminine.

In this sentence:

• o perito is masculine
• a seguradora is feminine

That does not necessarily mean the expert is male and the insurer is female in a biological sense. With seguradora, the word usually refers to an insurance company, and the noun itself is feminine. Grammatical gender is part of the word.

A few useful points:

• o = the for masculine singular nouns
• a = the for feminine singular nouns
• adjectives and some other words often agree with the noun’s gender and number

In normal Portuguese, articles are used much more often than in English.

So:

• o perito = the expert
• o prejuízo = the loss / the damage
• o risco = the risk

If you remove the articles and say Perito calculou prejuízo, it sounds unnatural in standard Portuguese unless you are using a very special style such as headlines, notes, or fragmented writing.

Portuguese generally prefers a determiner before common nouns in ordinary sentences.

Calculou is the pretérito perfeito do indicativo — the simple preterite.

It expresses a completed action in the past:

• calcular = to calculate
• calculou = he/she/it calculated

In this sentence, it refers to one finished action: the expert completed the calculation.

This tense is very common in Portuguese for past events seen as completed.

Because the Portuguese pretérito perfeito simples usually corresponds to the English simple past in this kind of context.

So:

• calculou = calculated

It can sometimes overlap with English present perfect in certain contexts, but the most natural translation here is the simple past because the sentence presents two completed past actions in sequence.

A learner should be careful here: the Portuguese tense name pretérito perfeito does not always match the English tense called present perfect.

Prejuízo often means loss, damage, or financial harm.

In an insurance or business context, it often suggests a quantified loss or detriment. That fits well with calculou: the expert assessed the extent of the loss.

Comparison:

• prejuízo: loss, harm, financial setback, detriment
• dano: damage, often physical or material damage
• perda: loss in a broader sense, including losing something, a death, a missed opportunity, etc.

So in this sentence, prejuízo sounds appropriate because it suggests an assessed or compensable loss.

The word is written prejuízo because the stress falls on the í:

• pre-ju-Í-zo

The accent mark shows that the i is pronounced as a separate stressed vowel, not merged into a single diphthong with the preceding vowel.

Without the accent, the pronunciation pattern would be unclear or different. The accent helps signal the correct stress and syllable division.

In most everyday and professional contexts, seguradora means insurance company or insurer.

Although the form is feminine, that is usually because the noun itself is feminine, not because it refers to a woman. In this sentence, the most natural interpretation is a company, not a person.

Related words:

• seguro = insurance / insured / safe, depending on context
• seguradora = insurance company / insurer
• segurado = insured person / policyholder

So a seguradora assumiu o risco is most naturally understood as the insurer assumed the risk.

Assumiu o risco means accepted, took on, or assumed the risk.

In insurance language, this is a very natural phrase. It means the insurer agreed to bear responsibility for that risk under the policy or arrangement.

It is more specific than simply saying accepted something. It suggests taking responsibility for potential consequences or exposure.

So assumir o risco is a common and useful expression in Portuguese, especially in legal, financial, and insurance contexts.

Because assumir o risco is the more idiomatic and technical expression.

Compare:

• aceitar o risco = accept the risk
• assumir o risco = assume/take on the risk

Both can make sense, but assumir strongly suggests taking responsibility for it, which fits insurance language better. It sounds more formal and more precise in this context.

Like calculou, assumiu is also in the pretérito perfeito do indicativo.

It comes from the verb assumir:

• eu assumi
• tu assumiste
• ele/ela/você assumiu
• nós assumimos
• vós assumistes
• eles/elas/vocês assumiram

So the sentence contains two completed past actions, both in the same tense.

The word order here is the normal, neutral order:

• subject + verb + object

So:

• O perito calculou o prejuízo
• a seguradora assumiu o risco

You could change the order for emphasis, but that would be less neutral. For example:

• O prejuízo, o perito calculou-o
• O risco, a seguradora assumiu-o

Those versions are more marked and less common in ordinary straightforward prose. For a learner, the original order is the best model.

Subject pronouns are often omitted in Portuguese, but here we do not have pronouns — we have full noun phrases:

• o perito
• a seguradora

You could omit them only if the context already made the subjects clear, but then the meaning might become ambiguous:

• Calculou o prejuízo; assumiu o risco.

That sounds incomplete unless the surrounding context clearly identifies who did what. Also, if you removed the nouns here, it might incorrectly suggest the same subject did both actions.

So the explicit subjects are important because they show that two different entities performed the two actions.

A broad pronunciation guide in European Portuguese would be roughly:

• O perito → u pɨ-RI-tu
• calculou → kal-ku-LOU
• o prejuízo → u prɨ-zhu-EE-zu
• a seguradora → ɐ sɨ-gu-rɐ-DO-rɐ
• assumiu → ɐ-su-MIU
• o risco → u RISH-ku

A few useful pronunciation notes for Portugal:

• Unstressed o often sounds close to u
• Unstressed e often reduces toward ɨ or a very weak vowel
• j in prejuízo sounds like the s in measure
• s before a consonant often sounds like sh in European Portuguese, so risco sounds like rishku

This is only an approximation, but it helps an English speaker get closer to the Portugal pronunciation.

It is grammatically normal Portuguese, but the vocabulary is somewhat formal and professional, especially because of:

• perito
• prejuízo
• seguradora
• assumiu o risco

These are very natural in insurance, legal, business, or administrative contexts. In everyday casual speech, people might use simpler wording depending on the situation, but the sentence itself is completely standard and idiomatic.