Eu vou solicitar um documento hoje.

Yes, you often can leave eu out in Portuguese.

Portuguese verbs usually show who the subject is, so vou solicitar already implies I am going to request. Because of that, both of these are natural:

• Eu vou solicitar um documento hoje.
• Vou solicitar um documento hoje.

Including eu can make the subject clearer or more emphatic. For example, you might use it if you want to stress that I am the one doing it.

Vou solicitar is a very common way to talk about the future in Brazilian Portuguese.

It uses:

• vou = I go / I am going
• solicitar = infinitive, to request

So the structure is:

• ir + infinitive

This works a lot like going to + verb in English.

You could also say:

• Solicitarei um documento hoje.

That is the simple future, meaning I will request a document today. It is grammatically correct, but in everyday Brazilian Portuguese, vou solicitar is usually more natural in conversation.

This is an important point because it can be a false friend.

In Brazilian Portuguese, solicitar usually means:

• to request
• to ask for
• sometimes to require in formal contexts

So in this sentence, it means something like to request a document.

The English verb solicit is often more specialized and can sound formal, legal, or even have meanings related to seeking business or prostitution. Portuguese solicitar does not usually carry those extra meanings in normal use.

In many everyday situations, Brazilians might also say:

• pedir um documento

That is often less formal than solicitar.

Yes, solicitar sounds more formal or official than pedir.

Compare:

• Vou solicitar um documento hoje. → more formal, bureaucratic, professional
• Vou pedir um documento hoje. → more everyday and conversational

Because documento often appears in administrative or official situations, solicitar fits very naturally here.

Um means a / an, while o means the.

So:

• um documento = a document
• o documento = the document

You use um when the document is not specific to the listener, or when you are introducing it as something general.

If both speakers already know exactly which document is being discussed, o documento might be more appropriate.

In Portuguese, nouns have grammatical gender, and documento is masculine.

That is why it uses:

• um documento

not

• uma documento

A lot of nouns ending in -o are masculine, though not all masculine nouns end in -o.

Yes, hoje can move around.

In this sentence:

• Eu vou solicitar um documento hoje.

putting hoje at the end sounds completely natural.

You could also say:

• Hoje eu vou solicitar um documento.
• Eu hoje vou solicitar um documento.

The most common positions are the beginning or the end. The end position is especially natural in everyday speech.

Putting hoje first can slightly highlight the time:

• Hoje eu vou solicitar um documento. = Today, I’m going to request a document.

No. Portuguese does not use a preposition before hoje in this kind of sentence.

You simply say:

• hoje = today

So:

• Eu vou solicitar um documento hoje.

not something like em hoje.

This is similar to English, where you also just say today without on.

A rough pronunciation guide is:

• Eu ≈ eh-oo said quickly together
• vou ≈ voh with a glide, almost like voh-oo
• solicitar ≈ soh-lee-see-TAR
• um ≈ nasal oong or ung
• documento ≈ doh-koo-MEN-too
• hoje ≈ OH-zhee or OH-jee, depending on accent

A rough full version:

• eh-oo voh soh-lee-see-TAR ung doh-koo-MEN-too OH-zhee

A few pronunciation notes:

• The r in solicitar at the end is usually softer in Brazilian Portuguese than an English r.
• The j in hoje sounds like the s in measure.
• The um is nasal, so it does not sound exactly like English oom.

Yes, absolutely.

You can say:

• Eu vou pedir um documento hoje.

That is very natural and often more common in everyday speech.

The difference is mainly tone:

• solicitar = more formal, official
• pedir = more neutral, everyday

In an office, government, bank, or legal context, solicitar sounds especially appropriate.

It is a future meaning expressed with a present-tense form of ir.

Breaking it down:

• vou is present tense of ir
• solicitar is an infinitive

But together, vou solicitar means something in the future: I am going to request.

So grammatically, it is a present-tense verb plus an infinitive, but functionally it expresses the future.

Yes.

In natural English translation, vou solicitar can often match both:

• I’m going to request a document today
• I will request a document today

The Portuguese structure most directly matches going to, but in many contexts English will is also a perfectly good translation. The exact English choice depends on style and context more than on a big difference in meaning here.