Learn Hardcore Portuguese (Brazil): Meu carregador novo não funciona bem na tomada da cozinha. - My new charger doesn’t work well in the kitchen outlet.

Because carregador (charger) is a masculine noun in Brazilian Portuguese: o carregador. Adjectives and possessives agree with the noun’s gender and number, so you get meu (masc. singular) and novo (masc. singular).
minha / nova would be used with a feminine noun, e.g. minha tomada nova.

Does carregador only mean a phone charger, or can it be any charger?

Carregador is general: it can be a charger for a phone, laptop, camera, etc. In everyday speech it often implies “phone charger” if the context is obvious, but it’s not limited to that.

What’s the role of não in the sentence, and where does it go?

Não is the standard negation word (not / doesn’t). In Portuguese it typically comes right before the verb:

não funciona = doesn’t work
Putting it elsewhere is usually wrong or changes emphasis.

Why is it funciona and not funciono?

Because the subject is meu carregador novo (he/it), so the verb is in the 3rd person singular: funciona.

eu funciono would mean I work/function, which doesn’t fit here.

What does bem mean here—“well” as in “correctly,” or “well” as in “healthy”?

Here bem means well / properly / correctly, describing how it works: não funciona bem = doesn’t work well. It’s an adverb modifying the verb funcionar.

Is na tomada literally “in the outlet”? Why na?

Yes—Portuguese commonly uses em (in/on/at) with places and “connection points.”
na = em + a (in/on/at + the, feminine singular).

tomada is feminine: a tomada
So na tomada = at/in the outlet.

Why is it tomada and not soquete or another word?

In Brazil, tomada is the everyday word for an electrical wall outlet. Soquete is more often the socket for a lightbulb. You might also hear entrada in some contexts, but tomada is the standard for outlets.

Does da cozinha mean “from the kitchen” or “of/in the kitchen”?

Here it means of / in the kitchen—it specifies which outlet: the kitchen outlet.
da = de + a (of/from + the). With locations, de often marks belonging/association: the outlet of the kitchen.

Could I also say na tomada da cozinha vs na tomada na cozinha? What’s the difference?

na tomada da cozinha = the outlet that belongs to/located in the kitchen (very natural; like “the kitchen outlet”).
na tomada na cozinha = “in the outlet while in the kitchen” and sounds awkward/redundant. You’d typically avoid repeating na like that.

What’s the word order rule for adjectives here? Why is novo after carregador?

In Portuguese, most descriptive adjectives come after the noun: carregador novo.
Putting it before can add emphasis or a different nuance in some cases, but meu novo carregador is also possible and usually just means my new charger with slight emphasis on “new.”

Can meu novo carregador and meu carregador novo both mean the same thing?

Often yes. Many speakers treat them as interchangeable here. A common nuance is:

meu novo carregador: highlights it as the “new one” (possibly “my new charger” as opposed to the old one).
meu carregador novo: more neutral description (“my charger that is new”).

Why is cozinha preceded by a (in da cozinha) if it’s a room name?

In Portuguese, many place nouns commonly take an article: a cozinha, o banheiro, a sala. When you combine de + a, it becomes da: da cozinha.

Could I drop the articles and say em tomada de cozinha?

Not naturally in Brazilian Portuguese for this meaning. You generally say na tomada da cozinha or na tomada da minha cozinha. Dropping articles can sound like a label or technical style, not everyday speech.

How would I emphasize “the outlet in the kitchen (not another one)”?

You can add emphasis with phrasing or stress, for example:

…na tomada da cozinha mesmo. (= in the kitchen outlet specifically)
…na tomada lá da cozinha. (= the one over there in the kitchen)
É na tomada da cozinha que não funciona bem. (cleft structure for emphasis)

Is tomada always feminine? What about plural?

Yes: a tomada (feminine). Plural: as tomadas.
Then you’d get: nas tomadas = em + as.

If I wanted to say “It doesn’t work well when it’s plugged into the kitchen outlet,” how would I express “when”?

You could say:

Meu carregador novo não funciona bem quando está na tomada da cozinha.
More naturally you might say:
…quando eu ligo/coloco na tomada da cozinha. (= when I plug it into the kitchen outlet)

What’s a more natural verb for “plug in” than just using na tomada?

Common options are:

ligar na tomada (very common in Brazil)
colocar na tomada (put into the outlet)
plugar (informal, from English “plug”)
Example: Meu carregador novo não funciona bem quando eu ligo na tomada da cozinha.

Could carregador also mean a “magazine” for a gun?

Yes, in some contexts carregador can also mean a firearm magazine. But with tomada and funciona, the meaning is clearly charger here.

Is the sentence missing a pronoun like ele (“it”)?

No. Portuguese often omits subject pronouns when the subject is already clear. The subject is explicitly stated: Meu carregador novo. Adding ele would be unnecessary: Meu carregador novo não funciona… is perfect.

How would I make it more specific that it’s a wall outlet (not a power strip)?

You can clarify with:

tomada da parede (wall outlet)
And for a power strip you’d say:
filtro de linha or régua de tomadas (power strip)