Ogród jest już przekopany, więc jutro włożymy nasiona do ziemi.

Ogród is in the nominative singular because it is the subject of the sentence: the thing being described as already dug over.

Its dictionary form is ogród = garden.

You can also notice that ogród is a masculine noun, which matters because other words in the sentence have to agree with it.

Przekopany comes from the verb przekopać, which means to dig over, to turn over (soil), or to dig up in the gardening sense.

So ogród jest już przekopany means the garden is in a finished, dug-over state.

Grammatically, przekopany is a past passive participle used like an adjective. It describes the condition of the garden after someone has dug it.

Because przekopany has to agree with ogród.

• ogród is masculine singular
• so the participle must also be masculine singular: przekopany

Compare:

• ogród jest przekopany — masculine singular
• ziemia jest przekopana — feminine singular
• pole jest przekopane — neuter singular

Agreement like this is very common in Polish.

Jest przekopany literally means is dug over / has been dug over in the sense of describing the current state.

Polish often uses być + participle to describe a result or condition:

• Drzwi są zamknięte = The door is closed
• Ogród jest przekopany = The garden is dug over / has been dug over

This focuses more on the state now than on the action itself.

Już means already.

So:

• Ogród jest przekopany = The garden is dug over
• Ogród jest już przekopany = The garden is already dug over

It shows that this step has been completed before the next one happens.

Więc means so, therefore, or thus.

It links the two parts of the sentence:

• Ogród jest już przekopany — the garden is already dug over
• więc — so
• jutro włożymy nasiona do ziemi — tomorrow we’ll put the seeds into the soil

So it shows a logical result: because the garden is ready, the next step can happen tomorrow.

Because jutro is an adverb, not a noun phrase here. It simply means tomorrow.

In Polish, many time expressions work without a preposition:

• dziś = today
• jutro = tomorrow
• wczoraj = yesterday

So jutro włożymy... simply means tomorrow we will put...

Włożymy is the 1st person plural future form of the perfective verb włożyć.

It means we will put in / place in.

Why this form?

• w- suggests movement into
• łożyć / włożyć here gives the idea of putting something into something
• the ending -ymy marks we

Because włożyć is perfective, its simple future form means a completed single action:

• włożymy nasiona do ziemi = we will put the seeds into the soil

If you used an imperfective verb instead, it would sound more like an ongoing or repeated action.

The singular is nasiono = seed.

Its plural is nasiona = seeds.

In this sentence, nasiona is the direct object, and for this noun the nominative plural and accusative plural have the same form:

• singular: nasiono
• plural: nasiona

So włożymy nasiona means we will put the seeds.

Because the preposition do requires the genitive case.

The noun is:

• ziemia = earth / soil / ground

In the genitive singular, it becomes:

• ziemi

So:

• do ziemi = into the soil / into the ground

This is a very common pattern in Polish:

• do domu = into the house / to the house
• do szkoły = to school
• do ziemi = into the ground

Here it means soil or ground.

The word ziemia can mean several related things depending on context:

• earth/land
• soil
• the Earth (the planet)

In a gardening sentence with nasiona and włożyć do ziemi, the meaning is clearly soil/ground.

Polish word order is fairly flexible, although some orders sound more natural than others.

The given sentence is very natural:

• Ogród jest już przekopany, więc jutro włożymy nasiona do ziemi.

But you could move some elements for emphasis, for example:

• Jutro więc włożymy nasiona do ziemi.
• Nasiona włożymy jutro do ziemi.

The basic meaning stays similar, but the emphasis changes.

English relies more heavily on word order than Polish does.

Yes. That is a very close literal translation.

A more natural English version might be:

• The garden has already been dug over, so tomorrow we’ll put the seeds in the ground.

But grammatically, the Polish sentence really does match the idea of:

• The garden is already dug over
• so tomorrow we’ll put the seeds into the soil

Both are reasonable ways to understand it.