Rekrutacja do nowego działu jeszcze trwa, a jeden kandydat czeka już przy recepcji.

Because do requires the genitive case, and after rekrutacja it often means recruitment to / into something.

So:

• dział = department
• do działu = to the department
• do nowego działu = to the new department

That is why both words change form:

• nowy → nowego
• dział → działu

A learner might expect something closer to English for the new department, but Polish often uses do here.

It is the genitive singular.

The preposition do always takes the genitive, so the noun and its adjective must match that case.

Forms here:

• nominative: nowy dział
• genitive: nowego działu

This agreement is normal in Polish: adjectives change to match the noun in case, number, and gender.

Trwa comes from trwać, which means to last, to continue, or to be ongoing.

So Rekrutacja jeszcze trwa means:

• the recruitment process is still going on
• it has not finished yet

Using jest here would not sound natural. Polish prefers trwać for events or processes that are continuing over time:

• Spotkanie trwa. = The meeting is ongoing.
• Remont jeszcze trwa. = The renovation is still going on.

Here jeszcze means still.

So:

• jeszcze trwa = is still going on

In other contexts, jeszcze can also mean more, another, or yet, depending on the sentence. But in this example, the natural meaning is still.

A is a coordinating conjunction. It often means and, but not exactly the same as plain English and in every situation.

Here it connects two related facts:

• recruitment is still ongoing
• one candidate is already waiting at reception

It has a slight feel of and meanwhile or while. It can also introduce a contrast, but in this sentence it mainly links two pieces of information in a natural narrative way.

So a here is best understood as:

• and
• and meanwhile
• while

depending on how literally you want to translate it.

Yes, jeden literally means one, but in Polish it can also help introduce a single person in a way that English might express with a or one.

Since Polish has no articles, jeden kandydat can sound like:

• one candidate
• a candidate
• one particular candidate

In this sentence, it probably highlights that there is one candidate already waiting, perhaps while others are not.

If you said just kandydat czeka, that would also be grammatical, but jeden adds a bit of emphasis or specificity.

In Polish, the present tense of an imperfective verb often covers the meaning of English is/are + -ing.

So:

• czeka = waits / is waiting

Because czekać is an imperfective verb, it naturally describes an ongoing action. In context, jeden kandydat czeka już przy recepcji means one candidate is already waiting at the reception desk.

Here już means already.

So:

• czeka już = is already waiting

It shows that the waiting has begun before some expected point in time. In this sentence, it helps create the sense that the process is active now: recruitment is still going on, and at least one candidate has already arrived and is waiting.

Przy means by, near, or at. It suggests location next to or at a point.

So przy recepcji means:

• by the reception desk
• at reception
• near the front desk

If you said w recepcji, it would literally mean in the reception area, which is less natural here if you mean someone is waiting at the desk/front desk.

Polish often uses przy when someone is positioned near a functional place or object:

• przy stole = at the table
• przy oknie = by the window
• przy recepcji = at/by reception

It is the locative singular.

The preposition przy requires the locative case, so:

• nominative: recepcja
• locative: recepcji

That is why the form changes.

A useful rule:

• do
  • genitive
• przy
  • locative

This sentence gives you both patterns.

Polish word order is relatively flexible, but the chosen order affects emphasis and naturalness.

In this sentence:

• jeszcze trwa sounds natural for is still ongoing
• czeka już sounds natural for is already waiting

You could rearrange some parts, for example:

• Rekrutacja do nowego działu trwa jeszcze
• Jeden kandydat już czeka przy recepcji

These are also grammatical, but they shift the emphasis slightly. The original sentence sounds smooth and neutral.

Because Polish does not have articles like a or the.

Whether something is definite or indefinite is understood from context.

So:

• dział can mean a department or the department
• recepcja / recepcji can mean a reception desk, the reception desk, or simply reception

English needs articles, but Polish usually does not. If Polish wants to add emphasis similar to English this, that, or one, it uses other words instead.

Usually yes, but the way it combines with other words may differ from English.

In Polish, rekrutacja commonly refers to:

• a recruitment process
• hiring
• admissions/selection, depending on context

So Rekrutacja do nowego działu jeszcze trwa is a natural way to say that the hiring/recruitment process for the new department is still in progress.

Even when the general meaning matches English, the grammar around it may not. That is why do nowego działu is worth noticing as a set phrase pattern.