Breakdown of Po lekcji muszę rozwiązać zadanie dla doktora Kowalskiego.
ja
I
musieć
to have to
po
after
lekcja
the lesson
rozwiązać
to solve
zadanie
the task
dla
for
doktor Kowalski
Doctor Kowalski
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Questions & Answers about Po lekcji muszę rozwiązać zadanie dla doktora Kowalskiego.
Why does po take the locative case as in lekcji?
The preposition po when meaning after governs the locative. So lekcja (nominative) becomes lekcji (locative) to express “after the lesson.”
How is muszę formed and what does it express?
Muszę is the first-person singular present form of the modal verb musieć (to have to / must). It expresses necessity. Full present-tense conjugation: muszę, musisz, musi, musimy, musicie, muszą.
Why is rozwiązać in the infinitive and not a finite verb form?
After a modal verb like muszę, Polish uses the infinitive. Here rozwiązać is the infinitive of rozwiązać (to solve).
What aspect does rozwiązać represent and why is it chosen here?
Rozwiązać is perfective, focusing on completing the action. Since you need to finish the assignment, the perfective form is appropriate rather than an ongoing or habitual sense.
What case is zadanie in and why?
Zadanie is the direct object of rozwiązać and takes the accusative case. Neuter nouns ending in -e often have the same form in nominative and accusative, so zadanie stays unchanged.
Why is dla doktora Kowalskiego used and what case are those words in?
The preposition dla (for) requires the genitive case. Therefore doktor becomes doktora and Kowalski becomes Kowalskiego, indicating the beneficiary (Dr. Kowalski) of the task.
Can the word order change, for example starting with Muszę instead of Po lekcji?
Yes. Polish word order is flexible. You could say Muszę po lekcji rozwiązać zadanie dla doktora Kowalskiego and the core meaning (“I must solve the assignment for Dr. Kowalski after the lesson”) remains the same. Putting Po lekcji first simply emphasizes the timing.