Hi flores non solum pulchri, sed etiam suaves sunt; propter hunc odorem avia diu in horto manere vult.

Hi means these.

It is the masculine nominative plural form of hic, haec, hoc (this). It matches flores because flores is:

• masculine
• plural
• nominative (the subject of the sentence)

So hi flores = these flowers.

Because flores is the subject of sunt, so it must be in the nominative case.

• hi = nominative plural masculine
• hos = accusative plural masculine

So:

• hi flores sunt = these flowers are
• video hos flores = I see these flowers

This is a very common Latin correlative construction meaning:

not only ... but also ...

So:

• non solum pulchri, sed etiam suaves sunt = they are not only beautiful, but also fragrant/pleasant

It links two parallel descriptions of the flowers.

Pulchri is an adjective meaning beautiful, and it agrees with flores.

Since flores is:

• masculine
• plural
• nominative

the adjective must also be:

• masculine
• plural
• nominative

So pulchri is the correct form.

Suaves is the nominative plural form here, agreeing with flores.

The adjective suavis, suave belongs to the third declension, so its endings are different from those of pulcher, pulchra, pulchrum.

Here:

• flores = nominative plural masculine
• suaves = nominative plural masculine/feminine

So suaves correctly agrees with flores.

In this sentence it means something like fragrant, sweet-smelling, or pleasant.

Because one form of to be can serve both predicate adjectives.

So:

• flores pulchri sunt
• flores suaves sunt

can be combined into:

• flores non solum pulchri, sed etiam suaves sunt

Latin does not need to repeat sunt after each adjective.

Latin word order is much more flexible than English word order.

Placing sunt at the end is very natural in Latin, especially in simple statements with predicate adjectives. The ending -nt already tells you the verb is they are, so Latin does not rely as heavily on fixed word order.

So:

• Hi flores ... sunt is normal Latin style.

Hunc odorem is accusative singular masculine.

That is because the preposition propter takes the accusative case.

So:

• propter hunc odorem = because of this smell

Both words are accusative singular masculine:

• hunc = this
• odorem = smell, scent

Because propter requires the accusative.

For the masculine singular of hic, haec, hoc:

• hic = nominative
• hunc = accusative

Since odorem is accusative after propter, the demonstrative must match it:

• hunc odorem

Propter means because of, on account of, or sometimes for the sake of.

It is a preposition that takes the accusative case.

Examples:

• propter hunc odorem = because of this smell
• propter pluviam = because of the rain

So in this sentence, propter hunc odorem explains why the grandmother wants to stay.

Because avia is the subject of vult.

• avia = grandmother
• vult = wants

So avia is the one doing the wanting, which makes it nominative singular.

Diu is an adverb meaning for a long time or a long while.

It modifies manere:

• diu manere = to stay for a long time

Because it is an adverb, it does not change its form.

Because this phrase expresses location, not motion toward a place.

With in:

• in + ablative = in/on (location)
• in + accusative = into/onto (motion toward)

So:

• in horto = in the garden
• in hortum = into the garden

Here the grandmother wants to remain in the garden, not move into it, so ablative is correct.

Because it follows in in the sense of location.

The noun hortus is second declension:

• nominative singular: hortus
• ablative singular: horto

So:

• in horto = in the garden

Because it depends on vult.

In Latin, verbs like volo (want) are commonly followed by a complementary infinitive:

• vult manere = she wants to stay

So:

• vult = finite verb, wants
• manere = infinitive, to stay/remain

This is very similar to English wants to stay.

Vult is:

• third person singular
• present tense
• from volo, velle = to want

So avia ... vult means:

• the grandmother wants

The singular form is used because avia is singular.

Not necessarily. In this context, with flowers and odor, suaves most naturally means something like:

• fragrant
• sweet-smelling
• pleasant

Latin adjectives often have a broader range of meaning than a single English word. Here the idea is clearly about the flowers’ pleasant scent.

There are two main clues:

1. Agreement
   Both adjectives are in the same case, number, and gender as flores.

2. Sentence structure
   They appear with sunt as predicate adjectives:

   • flores pulchri sunt
   • flores suaves sunt

So both adjectives are telling us what the flowers are like.

Yes. Latin often omits demonstratives unless they add emphasis or specificity.

• flores = flowers
• hi flores = these flowers

Using hi makes the reference more definite and immediate, as if the speaker is pointing them out.

The semicolon connects two closely related clauses:

1. Hi flores non solum pulchri, sed etiam suaves sunt
2. propter hunc odorem avia diu in horto manere vult

The second clause explains the consequence of the first: the flowers smell so pleasant that the grandmother wants to stay in the garden. The punctuation helps show that relationship clearly.