Deinde magistra vult ut discipuli verba “amo” et “video” recte coniugent.

After verbs of wanting, ordering, or urging, Latin very often uses ut + a subjunctive verb to express what someone wants to happen.

So here:

• magistra vult = the teacher wants
• ut discipuli ... coniugent = that the students conjugate ...

This is a very common Latin construction. English sometimes does something similar with that, but often English leaves that out:

• The teacher wants the students to conjugate the words.
• The teacher wants that the students conjugate the words.

Latin prefers the second type here: vult ut ... coniugent.

It is subjunctive because it is inside an ut-clause after vult.

This is one of the standard uses of the subjunctive in Latin: after verbs of wanting, asking, commanding, persuading, and so on.

So:

• vult = she wants
• ut ... coniugent = that they conjugate

The subjunctive is not making the sentence doubtful here. It is simply the normal grammar for this kind of clause.

Because coniugare is a first-conjugation verb, and in the present subjunctive first-conjugation verbs use -e- instead of -a-.

Compare:

• Indicative: coniugant = they conjugate
• Subjunctive: coniugent = that they conjugate

This vowel change is very important:

• first conjugation indicative: -a-
• first conjugation subjunctive: -e-

So coniugent is exactly what we expect after ut.

Because discipuli is the subject of coniugent.

In English, learners sometimes expect the word after wants to be the object, but Latin is structured differently here. The clause after ut has its own subject and verb:

• discipuli = the students
• coniugent = may conjugate / should conjugate / conjugate

So discipuli is nominative because it is the doer of the action in the subordinate clause.

Verba is accusative plural neuter.

It is the direct object of coniugent, because the students are conjugating the words.

So:

• discipuli = subject
• verba = direct object

A useful thing to remember is that neuter plural nominative and accusative often look the same, so verba could in some contexts be either. But here it must be accusative because it is the thing being conjugated.

Because Latin dictionaries and classroom exercises commonly use the first person singular present active indicative as the basic form of a verb.

So:

• amo = I love
• video = I see

When students are asked to conjugate verbs, they are often given those basic forms. From those, they are expected to produce the full paradigm.

In other words, the sentence is not mainly talking about I love and I see as meanings in context. It is referring to those verb forms as vocabulary items.

Because Latin often treats quoted forms as words being discussed, and verba tells you that these are words/forms under discussion.

So the structure is essentially:

• the words amo and video

This is similar to English sentences like:

• Conjugate the words love and see.
• Spell the word because.

The forms are being mentioned, not used normally in a sentence.

Recte is an adverb meaning correctly or properly.

It modifies coniugent, telling us how the students should conjugate the verbs.

So:

• coniugent = conjugate
• recte coniugent = conjugate correctly

A native English speaker may want to use an adjective here, but Latin needs the adverb because it is modifying a verb, not a noun.

Deinde means then, next, or after that.

It helps move the narrative or sequence along. So the sentence is probably part of a passage describing classroom events in order:

• first something happens,
• deinde = then,
• the teacher wants the students to conjugate the words.

It is an adverb, and Latin often places this kind of time/sequence word near the beginning of the sentence.

Latin word order is much more flexible than English word order because Latin uses word endings to show grammatical roles.

In this sentence:

• magistra is clearly the subject of vult
• discipuli is clearly the subject of coniugent
• verba is clearly the object of coniugent

Because the endings already show these functions, Latin does not have to rely as heavily on position.

The sentence could be rearranged in other ways and still mean basically the same thing, though the emphasis might change.

No. It is an object clause after vult, not a purpose clause.

This can confuse learners because both constructions use ut + subjunctive.

A purpose clause answers something like:

• For what purpose?
• In order that ...?

But here the clause answers:

• What does the teacher want?

So the clause is functioning as the content of the wanting:

• The teacher wants that the students conjugate the words amo and video correctly.

That makes it a substantive clause, often called a noun clause or object clause.

Because magistra is the feminine form meaning female teacher, while magister is masculine.

So the sentence specifically tells us the teacher is female.

This is a normal feature of many Latin nouns referring to people:

• magister = male teacher
• magistra = female teacher

Sometimes Latin does use an infinitive after volo, especially when the subject of both verbs is the same:

• volo legere = I want to read

But here the subjects are different:

• magistra wants
• discipuli conjugate

When the subject changes, Latin commonly uses ut + subjunctive instead of a simple infinitive.

So magistra vult ut discipuli ... coniugent is the natural choice.