In schola quoque de medicina et de bona valetudine saepe disputatur.

Because in can take either the ablative or the accusative, depending on the meaning.

• in + ablative = in / on a place, with the idea of location
• in + accusative = into / onto a place, with the idea of motion toward

Here the sentence means in school or at school, so it uses location:

• in schola = in/at school

If it meant into the school, then Latin would use the accusative:

• in scholam

Quoque means also or too.

Its position is important: quoque usually comes after the word it emphasizes. So:

• in schola quoque = at school too / also in school

That means the idea of also is connected especially with school.

Compare:

• de medicina quoque = also about medicine
• saepe quoque is much less natural for this kind of sentence

So the placement helps show what is being added.

The preposition de means about or concerning, and it takes the ablative case.

So:

• de medicina = about medicine
• de bona valetudine = about good health

Both nouns are in the ablative because de requires it.

This is a very common Latin pattern:

• de historia = about history
• de amico = about a friend
• de re publica = about the republic/state

Yes, Latin could say de medicina et bona valetudine. Repeating the preposition is optional in many contexts.

So both of these are possible:

• de medicina et de bona valetudine
• de medicina et bona valetudine

Repeating de can make the structure clearer and can give a slightly more careful or balanced feel. English does the same sometimes:

• about medicine and good health
• about medicine and about good health

Both are understandable; the repeated preposition is just a bit fuller.

Bona valetudine is ablative singular.

Here is the breakdown:

• valetudo, valetudinis = health
• valetudine = ablative singular
• bona = ablative singular feminine, agreeing with valetudine

Since de takes the ablative, both the noun and its adjective must be ablative:

• de bona valetudine = about good health

The adjective bona agrees with valetudine in:

• gender: feminine
• number: singular
• case: ablative

Yes. Valetudo means health, state of health, or physical condition.

In this sentence, bona valetudo means good health or good health condition.

A learner may already know salus as another word for health/safety/well-being. Both words can refer to health, but valetudo often feels more specifically connected with one’s bodily condition.

So:

• bona valetudo = good health
• de bona valetudine = about good health

Because the sentence is using an impersonal passive construction.

Disputatur literally means something like:

• it is discussed
• more naturally, people discuss / there is discussion

There is no normal subject here. Since there is no personal subject, Latin uses the third person singular form.

So the sentence is not really structured as:

• medicine and good health are discussed

Instead, it is more like:

• there is often discussion at school about medicine and good health

That is why disputatur stays singular.

Disputatur is:

• present tense
• passive voice
• third person singular

It comes from disputo, disputare, which can mean to discuss, to argue, or to debate.

In this sentence it is an impersonal passive, so it means:

• it is discussed
• or more naturally in English, people discuss / there is discussion

This is a common Latin way to express a general activity without naming who is doing it.

Because Latin often leaves the agent unstated when the meaning is general or obvious.

Here the idea is not these specific people discuss, but rather:

• discussion often happens
• people often discuss
• there is often discussion

This gives the sentence a more general, impersonal feel. English sometimes does something similar with people, one, or there is.

So Latin uses disputatur without naming a subject or agent.

Saepe means often.

In Latin, adverbs like saepe are fairly flexible in position. Here it comes right before the verb:

• saepe disputatur = is often discussed / there is often discussion

That is a very natural place for it. But Latin could move it around for style or emphasis, for example:

• saepe in schola... disputatur
• in schola... disputatur saepe

Even when the word order changes, the endings still show how the words fit together. Latin word order is therefore more flexible than English word order.

The word order matters more for emphasis than for basic grammar.

A neutral reading of the sentence is:

• In schola quoque de medicina et de bona valetudine saepe disputatur.
• At school too, people often discuss medicine and good health.

Some effects of the order are:

• In schola comes first, so the setting is established immediately.
• quoque after schola emphasizes school too.
• saepe near disputatur naturally modifies the verbal idea: often discussed.

Latin uses endings, prepositions, and agreement to show grammar, so it does not rely on rigid English-style word order.